الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pleural empyema is an infection of the pleural space caused by different underlying infectious illnesses, with pneumonia being the most frequent cause. Parapneumonic empyema is most commonly caused by community-acquired pneumonia, which accounts for about two-thirds of cases. Trauma and infections can also lead to complex pleural effusion, in addition to pneumonia.
The primary results of our randomized controlled study show that the minimally invasive uniportal-VATS method is safe for treating early stages of pleural empyema when compared to standard chest tube drainage. The postoperative outcomes with the uniportal-VATS technique were notable for the absence of complicated effusion, reduced need for further intervention, decreased postoperative complications, shorter hospital stay, and lower total cost.
Our results satisfy that uniportal-VATS debridement allows complete evacuation of the infectious material and full lung expansion. Additionally, minor pleural trauma during uniportal-VATS is associated with reduced risk of pleural fistula. Moreover, VATS has a direct impact on postoperative recovery in terms of shorter chest drainage times and shortened postoperative treatment time.