الفهرس 
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Abstract
Throughout the last five decades marine natural products had been progressively developed into unique branch of natural products chemistry, with thousands of unique compounds being isolated and identified from marine organisms. During the last twenty years the research field had been directed to the investigation of the endosymbiotic fungi isolated from the inner tissues of marine organisms.
In this study, chemical profiling of the endosymbiotic fungus had been performed with evaluation of biological activities of the ethyl extract and the identified compounds. The fungus was identified by DNA sequencing technique as Penicillium georgiense isolated from the marine soft coral Sinularia.
This thesis is divided into three chapters as follows:
Chapter I: chemical investigation of the endosymbiotic fungus P. georgiense.
Chapter II: Biological evaluation of the ethyl acetate extract and the identified compounds.
Chapter III: In silico evaluation of the identified compounds from P. georgiense.
Chapter I
Chemical investigation of the endosymbiotic fungus P. georgiense.
The fungal material was isolated from the inner tissues of the marine soft coral Sinularia, The pure fungal strain was subjected to large scale fermentation procedures on solid rice media. The culture was then extracted with ethyl acetate, the ethyl acetate extract was then fractionated with 90% methanol. The 90% methanol fraction was subjected to VLC column packed with silica gel and eluted with n-hexane : ethyl acetate followed by methylene chloride : methanol to yield 16 fractions. Fractions 2,3,4,5 and 10 were further purified through different chromatographic steps to yield 5 secondary metabolites.
Chapter II
Biological evaluation of the ethyl extract and the identified compounds
Cytotoxic evaluation of the ethyl acetate extract and the identified compounds of the fungus P. georgiense had been performed applying the MTT cytotoxic assay against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7. Compounds identified showed cytotoxic activities with compound 1 showing the most potent activity with CD50 17.7 µg/ml.
Chapter III
In silico Molecular Docking Studies for Cytotoxic activity
VEGFR was selected as the target of docking and the crystal structure of vascular endothelial growth factor D was downloaded from PDB with code: 2XV7 co-crystallized with a reference ligand: Alpha-D-Mannopyranose.
A lower interaction energy indicates a stronger binding affinity between the ligand and the receptor. Accordingly, compound 1 showed the most stable interaction with interaction energy -20.6123 kcal/mol.