الفهرس 
COVID 19Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Infections in health care services represent a global problem and constitute one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality associated with clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Health care workers (Health care team) are at increasing risk of acquiring (HAIs) due to occupational exposure including; exposure to blood and body fluids, direct contact with patients or contaminated environmental surfaces with in the patient’s surround.
COVID-19 is a fast-moving evolving situation and the epidemiology of the infections change rapidly across the world. The basic protective measures against COVID-19 including distancing, personal protective equipment, and hand washing, controlling the spread of infection is essential to preventing outbreaks of COVID-19. The basic principles of infection prevention and control (IPC) and standard precautions should be applied in all health facilities. WHO has provided recommendations on the minimum requirements for IPC that need to be in place in all health care facilities. Standard precautions (SP) are the minimum infection prevention compliance that apply to all patients regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status of the patient in all settings where health care is delivered.
The present study aimed at assessing health care team knowledge, compliance and skills about infection control measures during covid19 out break and corona viruses and assessing health and safety standards in family health center environment.
The study was conducted at at family health centers of Tookh at El-Monofia governance. It includes 13 health care units. These centers are selected for the study because they had a large health care team (578 person) (15 physicians, 235 nurses, 130 pharmacist, 60 technician, 65 physiotherapist and 73 dentists). The subjects of the present study included a convenient sample of 232 health care workers working full-time at family centers.
Three tools used for collecting data of this study. A structured interviewing questionnaire was designed by the investigator that include two parts; Socio-demographic characteristics of health care team as (age, sex, marital status, educational level, occupation, years of experience, attended training course about covid 19 and the main sources of information about covid 19) and health care team knowledge regarding infection control measures and prevention regarding covid19 that include 35 questions; (7 questions about Covid 19 disease, 6 questions about standard precautions, 10 questions about hand washing, 5 questions about personal protective equipment’s, 3 questions about antiseptic methods, 4 about waste disposal, 3questions about environmental cleaning, 2 questions about cough etiquette and 2 questions about social distance). Health care team compliance and skills checklist regarding infection control regarding covid19. The checklist include 56 items; 8 items for hand washing, 8 items for compliance of personal protective equipment’s, 3 for antiseptic measures, 5 for non-touch technique, 14 for environmental cleaning, 9 for waste handling, 4 for sneezing and cough etiquette and 5 for reusing instruments. Environmental checklist assessment: safety and health standards for infection control regarding Covid 19: It include 41 items; 6 items for ventilation, 13 items for adaptive finishing materials and construction methods, 2 items for water supply, 2 items for availability of specific areas, 10 items for clinical sinks, 5 items for storage areas and 3 items for movement lines.
The main study findings were as following: The mean age of the sample is x- SD. 37.26 ± 8.32 years and (87.9%) of them were female. Regarding job specialty, (40.9%) of them were nurses. Moreover (61.2%) of them had bachelor education degree while 35.3% had diploma degree and (63.8%) of them attended training courses regarding Covid 19 infection control measures. Regarding total knowledge, (69%) of the studied health care team had total satisfactory knowledge about covid19 infection control measures and prevention. While, only (31%) of them had total unsatisfactory knowledge. Concerning total compliance, (57%) of the studied health care team had total competent compliance about infection control regarding covid19. While, (43%) of them had total incompetent compliance.
As regard family centers environmental assessment of total safety and health standards for infection control regarding Covid 19, (54%) of the studied family centers had total safe work environment. 80% of them have safe ventilation, adaptive finishing materials and construction methods, water supply, clinical sinks and storage area.
Concerning relation of the studied variables, there was statistically significant relation between the studied health care team `s’ total knowledge about covid19 infection control measures and prevention and their Age with (X2=31.238, p=0.000**), job specialty (X2=32.691, p=0.000**), education level (X2=25.025, p=0.000**), years of experience (X2=27.992, p=0.000**), attended training courses (X2=9.632, p=0.002**) and their last received infection control training (X2=7.817, p=0.020*) respectively.
Moreover, there was statistically significant relation between the studied health care team `s’ total compliance of covid19 infection control measures and prevention and their education level with (X2=4.052, p=0.004**), the main sources of their information about COVID-19 (X2=96.333, p=0.000**) and attended training courses (X2=4.052, p=0.044*).
Additionally, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between total compliance of the studied health care team and their total environmental assessment with (r=0.894, p=0.000**). Also, there is no statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total compliance of the studied health care team with (r=0.090, p=0.171). In addition, there is no statistically significant correlation between total knowledge and total environmental assessment of the studied health care team with (r=0.123, p=0.062)
In conclusion the majority of the studied Health care team were female and more than two fifth of them were nurses. More than two third of the studied Health care team had total satisfactory knowledge and more than half of the studied subjects had total competent compliance and skills about covid19 infection control measures and prevention. Additionally, more than half of the studied family centers had total safe environmental assessment. Moreover, there is a statistically significant relation between the studied health care teams’ total knowledge and their age, job specialty, education level, years of experience and attended training courses. Also, there is a statistically significant relation between the studied health care teams’ total compliance and their education level and the main sources of their information about COVID-19. Furthermore, there was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between total compliance of the studied health care team and total environmental assessment.
It is recommended that in-service training program for health care teams are needed to keep their knowledge and compliance up to date regarding covid19 infection control measures and prevention. Aside from COVID-19, there are likely to be other new communicable infections to deal with in the future. In this regard, a long-term policy, structures, and strategies are needed to strengthen healthcare systems and, specifically, the capacity and capability to respond properly to any future public health emergencies. It is noteworthy that, in order to achieve a sustainable healthcare system with knowledgeable and skilled nurses in infection management, advanced human resources planning is absolutely crucial.
Also, recommendation include monitoring adherence to these guidelines by an infection control committee (when present) or the manager. It is also crucial that health settings are provided with a sufficient supply of PPE. Further studies regarding COVID-19 for setting health awareness campaigns in promoting practical information on preventive measures to stop the spread of the virus accordingly.