الفهرس 
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Abstract
Critical thinking is one of the most crucialconcepts involved in the nursing educational field and continuingclinical training. Working environments and circumstances are always changing, and nurses must enhance their thinkingability and reasoning skillsto effectivelymeet the patients and families’ caring needs in collaboration with other healthcare professionals. Nurses as healthcare specialistshould be creative, self-directed, and critical thinkers to be able to make suitable decisions and solve clinical conflict.
Critical thinking consisted ofcognitive skills and dispositions. These dispositions, could be described as attitude ormind’ habits, whichinclude inquisitiveness, open-mindedness, truth seeking ,critical thinkingself- confidence , and a respect for diverse viewpoints. Nurses wok inconstantly changing and complex clinical environment so they need frequently improving their knowledge and competencies to be able to provide safe andhigh qualitynursing care.
Clinical nurses need to build a relationship with patients in a professional, therapeutic, and trusting manner to assess and determine problems, evaluatedecisions, and set up appropriate strategies for patients in a limited amount of time. Critical thinking ability is one of the fundamental clinical nursing skillsthat enable nurses to solve patients’ problems and create positive professional relationship with patients.
This study aimed to:
▪ Identify the relation between nurses’ critical thinking disposition and their professional patient relationship.
Research questions
▪ What were the levels of nurses’ critical thinking disposition?
▪ What were the levels of professional nurse-patient relationship?
▪ What was the relation between nurses’ critical thinking disposition and their professional patient relationship?
Materials
Setting
The study was conducted at Alamria general hospital in Alexandria governorate which affiliated to Ministry of Health.
Subjects
The subjects of this study comprised of 135 nurses who were selected using proportional allocation methodology to represent hospital nursing staff (N=208) who worked in Alamria hospital during year 2021-2022
Tools
Two tools were used for data collection
Tool I:California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI)
This tool was developed by Facione & Facione (1992) to assess Critical Thinking Disposition. It consisted of 75 items divided into seven dispositional characteristics. Attached with sociodemographic and occupational data sheet.
Tool II: Professional Nurse-Patient Relationship Observation Checklist (PNPROC).
It was developed by researcher after literature review ( Feo et al 2016 Weis & Schank 2017& Lin , Tsai 2019) to assess nurses actual practice of professional nurse-patient relationship. It consisted of nine dimensions with 69 items.
Method
1. A written permission to conduct the study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University
2. An official permission was obtained from Dean of faculty of nursing andthe manager of Alamria hospital to collect the data .
3. Tool I was translated into Arabic by the researcher.
4. Tools’ content validity were tested by a jury of 5 experts in the related field,for relevance, clarity, accuracy and translation language issues. The recommendation made by the jury members implemented, according to jury opinion.
5. A pilot study carried out on 10% of sample size (13), to ensure the clarity and feasibility of the tools, they excluded from the study sample.
6. The tools’ reliability were tested using Cronbach’s Alpha test, andall study tools were reliable
7. Nurses were selected randomly and proportionally from each department according to their educational level.
8. Data collection were carried out at Alamria general hospital in Alexandriaaffiliated to Ministry of Health
9. Data collected overperiod of one monthfrom 30-5-2022till 30-6-2022
10. Data collection steps:
- The researcher introduced herself to nurses, the aim of the study was explained to them, and they were assured that their responses would be kept secret.
- Tool Iwas distributed to every nurse participated in research in their break for (20 -30) minutes and they asked to complete it by self-reporting and return it back to the researcher.
- Tool II was applied by the researcher through concealed observation for the selected nurses.
11. Written consent was obtained from sample nurses to be observed for their professional relationship with patient.
The following are the main results yielded by the present study:
Related critical thinking disposition among nurses:
The findings of the current study revealed statically significant differences related to all items of critical thinking disposition. And overall critical thinking disposition assessment was ambivalent on the study subjects. Inquisitiveness; Analyticity and Self-Confidence were the highest dimensions of the nurses’ critical thinking disposition inventory. On the other hand Maturity, Truth Seeking, Open-mildness and Systematicity were the lowest dimensions of the nurses’ critical thinking disposition inventory.
Related to professional nurse- patient relationship:
The study subjects had good levels in their professional relationship with patients, and a minority of them had very good levels in their professional relationship with patients. The result of these study indicates statistically significant differences related to all items of professional nurse patient relationship. Dimension of focusing on patient was the highest score of subscale followed by provision of safe environment. On the other hand, the dimension of ‘evaluation of nurse patient relationship’ and ‘discover the patient’ are considered as the lowest score.
Related to correlations:
- There were statistical significant positive correlations between nurse’s critical thinking disposition and professional nurse-patient relationship related to all items of both tools. (p= <0.001).
⮚ Related to relations between critical thinking disposition and sociodemographic data.
- There was a significant relationship between critical thinking disposition and the nurses’ educational qualification and work department.
⮚ Related to relations between professional nurse patient relationship and sociodemographic data.
- There were statistically significant relations between professional nurse-patient relationship and nurses’ age, gender, educational qualification, work department andyears of experience.
It can be concluded from the present study that:
Critical thinking disposition is essential to nursing. Critical thinking disposition has a correlation with critical thinking skills. Nurses persistently apply critical thinking skills to processes ranging from assessments to clinical decision making. It is very important for nurses to think critically when provide nursing care and maintain professional relationship with patient. These professional relationship is crucial for patients, contributing to positive care experiences and outcomes, and for nurses, contributing to work satisfaction.
According to the study’s findings, there were statistically significant differences related to all items of critical thinking dispositions tool and professional nurse patient relationship tool. In addition, there was a significant relationship between critical thinking disposition and the nurses’ educational qualification and work department. Also, there were statistically significant relations between professional nurse-patient relationship and nurses’ age, educational qualification, work department andyears of experience.
Based on the finding of the present study, the following are the main recommendations of the study:
• Apply suitable educational technologies on training program that enhance nurses’ critical thinking dispositions.
• Regular evaluation of staff nurses’ critical thinking.
• Conduct compulsory courses and workshops to improve nurses’ critical thinking dispositions.
• Modifying regulations and policies regarding nurse’ job descriptions to improve nurses’ critical thinking disposition.