الفهرس 
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Abstract
Female breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer globally, and it poses a serious global health threat. Traditional cancer treatments have several undesirable side effects. The most effective therapy for treating breast cancer is doxorubicin (Adriamycin), but it had severe side effects, so developing better therapies for breast cancer is necessary, such as laser therapy which could be a promising treatment option. The aim of the current study was to investigate the femtosecond laser irradiation effect on breast cancer using T47D cell line as an in vitro model and to investigate the anticancer effect of doxorubicin as a standard chemotherapeutic agent on the cells compared to the femtosecond laser effect. Cells were seeded at a density of 5x104 cells/well in 96-well plates and incubated overnight. After that, the cells were exposed to femtosecond laser irradiation at various wavelengths falling in the UV, visible, and IR ranges for 3, 5, or 10 min and at a constant power of 100 mW. Cell viability was measured directly and 24 h after femtosecond laser irradiation using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. When using different femtosecond laser irradiation parameters, especially the 380 and 400 nm femtosecond laser irradiation, there was significant inhibition of breast cancer cell growth, either directly or 24 h after femtosecond laser exposure. Also, 420 and 440 nm significantly affected the viability of the cells. It was also observed that increasing exposure time enhances the observed effect, so 10 min exposure time was the best time of exposure. However, 700, 720, 750, and 780 nm did not significantly affect the cells viability with different exposure times. It was possible to conclude from the aforementioned results that femtosecond laser irradiation exerted a significant anticancer effect against T47D cells. The effect of femtosecond laser 400nm was better than the doxorubicin effect (64µM). Consequently, the femtosecond laser could be used successfully for breast cancer management.
Keywords:
Laser therapy, Femtosecond laser, Doxorubicin, Breast cancer, T47D cell line.