الفهرس 
AN APPROACH TO URBAN HEAT ISLAND DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENTSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Climate changes are one of the significant global problems nowadays. This is a resultant of the increase in human activities which causes an increase in the produced anthropogenic heat. Human activities, associated with urbanisation contributes to deterioration of weather pattern and climate abnormality, causing various climatic changes phenomena ; such as urban heat islands. This affects atmospheric and surface temperatures, causing global warming as well which by turn affects human comfort and quality of life.
UHI is directly related to the human activities and their implementation whether within the urban environment or within its surrounding and context. Well-oriented human interventions on any man-made environment; such as streets, buildings, urban elements, materials , can cause a great mitigation effect on the urban heat island measurements.
Upon that, the research aims at developing classification for list of factors and parameters showing their various methods of implementation and mitigation tactics including level/degree of their effectiveness on urban heat islands mitigated intensities. This research is composed of five chapters, upon which the main aim could be realized, by applying the following research methodology. The methodology starts with theoritical approach including data collection and analysing to urban heat island definitions, causes and effects, along with the measurements techniques and methods, which is presented in chapter one. After that, analytical approach is performed in terms of analysing and implementing comparative studies on selected case studies in different countries in which UHI measurements were reduced based on the various practices within each zone which is presented in chapter two. This is followed by the testing and practical approach tackled in chapter three which focuses on listing factors and parameters that can be implemented to each of the urban environment elements and shows those parameters methods of implementation then focus to reach the only measurable applicable tools (small interventions) classified to be tackled and applied in modelling and simulation that is tested in chapter four and tabulating the results and classifications in chapter five. This is finalized by, developing list of main factors & parameters including degree of their effectiveness based on their various mitigation tactics for urban heat island along with summarized guidelines for adequate interventions to be used to minimize urban heat island intensities.
Keywords
Urban Heats Islands, Simulation testing Analysis, Heat map, Climate scenarios , ENVI-met climate model , Land use-Land cover changes, mitigation tactics , Human comfort .