الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the effect of delayed and immediate loading protocols on the marginal bone loss around implants immediately placed in the intraforaminal area of the mandible instead of both mandibular canines. In this study, fourteen patients were selected from the outpatient clinic of the prosthodontic department according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
For all patients, both mandibular canines were extracted, the site of osteotomy was prepared and finally implant was placed.
Patients were divided into two groups. group A, the prosthesis was delivered at same day of surgery following immediate loading protocol. group B, the final prosthesis was delivered after three months following delayed loading protocol.
After three months of immediate loading, in group A, the marginal bone level was measured using digital periapical radiograph. The measurements were repeated after six, nine and twelve months after immediate loading.
In group B, final prosthesis was delivered after 3 months following delayed loading protocol. Measurements of the marginal bone level using digital periapical radiograph were taken at three months after loading, six, nine and twelve months after loading.
The recorded data was collected and tested statistically in the same group and between the two groups. The tested data revealed significant statistical difference between the two groups.
The tested data showed group (A) (1.27±0.21) had a significantly higher value than group (B) (1.03±0.09) (p<0.001) at mesial surface, and group (A) (1.27±0.11) had a significantly higher value than group (B) (0.98±0.14) (p<0.001) at distal surface.
The study found that, there was significant difference between both loading protocols regarding the effect on the crestal bone level.
Conclusion
Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that delayed loading induces less crestal bone loss than immediate loading in immediately inserted mandibular implant overdentures.
It is recommended that further studies and research should be conducted for immediate loading in immediately inserted mandibular implant overdentures.