الفهرس 
A study on the antiviral and other antimicrobial activity of olea europaea
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Abstract
Olea europeae L. has been reported to have antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antiviral and antimicrobial activity of olive leaves extract (OLE) against HSV type-1 virus and some other selected Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Screening of antiviral activity was assessed by measuring the inhibition of HSV type-1 induced cytopathic effect in Vero cells of different OLE fractions; that have been successively extracted using solvents of increasing polarities. Negligible antiviral activity has been shown for the different fractions, except for the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions, that showed strong and moderate anti-HSV type-1 virus activity, respectively. HPLC chromatographic analysis of both fractions revealed high oleuropein content in ethyl acetate fraction in addition to other phenolic and flavonoid contents, whereas the n-butanol fraction showed only low content of oleuropein, with high content of other phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of the crude ethyl acetate fraction were assessed in Vero cell line against HSV type-1 virus. Also, ethyl acetate fraction was incorporated in a formulated microemulsion dosage form, and its particle size was assessed by Malvern Zetasizer and electron microscopy. Then the antiviral activity of microemulsion was compared to the crude extract, using Acyclovir as a positive control