الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out on Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr. growing naturally at Wadi Kanssisrob- Gebel Elba National Park, Halayeb- Shalatein Triangle. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents and biological activity of the plant extracts. Proximate composition of the plant was determined at spring and autumn seasons during the period of study to evaluate the effect of climatic and edaphic factors on plant tolerance to arid conditions of Gebel Elba region. Amino acids; sugars; saponifiable matter and fatty acids content were investigated to determine their constituents. The metabolite profiling of the alcholic extract of plant showed presence of sixty two constituents including phenolics: [phenolic acids and derivatives, flavonoids (flavonols, flavones, isoflavones, chalcones and anthocyanins)], alkaloids, coumarins and vitamins. Isolation and identification of six compounds from ethyl acetate extract and three compounds from butanol extract of A. fruticosum for the first time was carried out. The compound: 2-O-(4-coumaroyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) lactic acid, was isolated for the first time from the Malvaceae family; where compounds N-trans-p-coumaroyltyramine, p-coumaroyl-N-tyrosine and N-trans-feruloyltyramine were firstly found in genus Abutilon.
The biological activities of different plant extracts as antimicrobial, cytotoxic and anti-diabetic were determined. The cytotoxicity investigation of the successive extracts of the plant against liver and lung carcinoma cell lines showed that ethyl acetate extract has moderate cytotoxic activity against both cell lines. The ethyl acetate, butanol and ethanol 70% extracts of the plant have potent antimicrobial activity on the tested microorganisms (Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and yeast). The results also indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of A. fruticosum has potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity as an antidiabetic.