الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 200 |  |  |
| | | from | 200 | | |
Abstract
The most recent studies pointed to evaluate the most efficient and safe compounds used in the protection from cancer disease especially liver cancer which considered the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. It focused on compounds may be used to avoid or decrease the harmful effects with lesser side effects. So this study designed to use one of the potential seleno-compounds known as “ebselen”, tested its ability in the protection or limit the severity of liver cancer in male albino rats which exposed to different inducers as DEN or γ- radiation.
A total of 70 rats were randomly divided into seven groups (8 rats each) as follows:
group I: Normal control group. (Rats were administrated orally with distilled water only).
group II: Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) group.
Rats were administrated orally with DEN at dose of (15 mg/kg. b. wt/day) for 2 months.
group III: Irradiated (IR) group.
Rats were exposed to a single dose of whole body gamma rays (6Gy).
group IV: Ebselen (Ebs) group.
Rats were treated orally with Ebselen at dose of (5 mg/kg.b.wt/day) for 2 months.
group V: (Ebs+IR) group.
Rats were administrated orally with Ebselen (5mg/kg.b.wt/day) for 2 months then after the last day of treatment rats were subjected to one single dose whole body gamma rays at (6Gy).
group VI: Ebs+DEN group.
Rats were administrated orally with Ebselen (5 mg/kg. b. wt) for 2 months, and then treated with DEN (15 mg/kg. b. wt/day) for another 2 months.
group VII: DEN+Ebs group.
Rats were administrated orally with DEN (15 mg/kg. b. wt) for 2 months, and then treated with Ebselen (5 mg/kg. b. wt/day) for further 2 months.
All rats were sacrificed after one day of the last time of experiment.
Serum was collected from all groups for biochemical analysis as (AST, ALT, Albumin, Globulin, TP, urea and creatinine) and AFP. While, liver tissue samples were collected and divided into parts for analysis oxidative stress indices as (GSH & MDA) and measured tumor markers as (AFP) and (TNFα & IL-6) as inflammatory markers in addition apoptotic factors such as (Bcl2, Caspase3 &Cytochrome c). Moreover for determination the levels of some essential trace elements as (Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca & Mn), besides the histological investigations.
Results of this present study mentioned that, after daily treatment with Ebs in irradiated or DEN-treated rats, amelioration was taken place in most biochemical as liver enzymes and proteins, enhancement the levels of antioxidant and inhibited the oxidative products and improvement immunological parameters, beside histological examinations in IR or DEN.
The results of this study revealed that:
1. Marked elevation in levels of ALT, AST, urea and creatinine while reducing in levels of TP, albumin and globulin in serum of rats exposed to IR or DEN .
2. An increasing in MDA concentrations while decreasing in the content of GSH in liver homogenate of rats exposed to IR or DEN.
3. A significant elevation in levels of AFP, TNF-α , IL-6 and Bcl2 in contrast a significant decrease in levels of caspase-3 and cytochrome c in liver homogenate of rats exposed to IR or DEN.
4. The observed decrease in levels of Zn and Mn while a significant increase in levels of Fe, ca and cu in liver homogenate of rats administrated with DEN.
5. treatment with ebselen led to an improvement in biochemical parameters measurements and the distribution in levels of essential trace elements.
6. Microscopically investigations of liver tissues ensured that ebselen had excellent hepato-protective properties manifested by decreased the liver damage of histopathological findings induced by DEN or IR.
7. These results highlight the potential effect of ebselen as may be used as chemo-preventive or hepato-protective effects.
. Recommendations:
• The workers who deal gamma-radiation must take all precautions using masks and radiometers.
• Serum liver enzymes functions should be considered for person’s induced by high levels of DEN.
• The people who exposed to gamma-radiation should take a hepato-protective agent as “Ebselen”.