الفهرس 
LITERATURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nano-Clay (NC) is reported as a candidate partial replacement for cement, due to its abundance and relatively low cost - beside reported promotion of different concrete properties. On the other hand, Steel Fibres (SF) has proven to have a positive effect on post fire exposure residual strength of concrete. This study presents the outcomes of a comprehensive research program assessing a hybrid mix between NC and SF in concrete mixtures (NCSF-CRETE). Physical chemical and physical characterization of NC is performed using different tools as XRF spectrometer, and TEM micrograph. Fresh concrete properties of NSCF-CRETE as slump and air content are investigated. Enhancement in permeability using NSCF is verified by comparing its resistance to the penetration of chlorides resistance with regular concrete mix. Besides, the proposed NCSF-CRETE compressive strength is evaluated compared to mixes with NC and SF each used separately at different curing ages. Besides, NSCF and compared mixes are exposed to an indirect fire testing program-two hours exposure- for: 300, 450, and 600°C. Degradation in compressive strength was investigated after exposure to different temperatures, and percent of residual strength is reported. Finally, results indicated an improved performance of NCSF -CRETE of about 40% compared to regular concrete in compressive strength at normal conditions. This improvement extended to its behavior when subjected to indirect fire exposure NSCF also maintained 40% more strength than the residual in regular concrete mix-which suffered severe damage -after two hours exposure to 600 oC. This means a more possibility to retrofit the structure after exposure to such drastic conditions.
Keywords: Nano-Clay, Steel fibres, Fire resistance, Concrete, Fresh concrete Properties, Hardened Concrete Properties