الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
”Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a serious health problem associated with an increase in risk factors for hepatic steatosis, which is the most common liver disease today. The goal of this study was to investigate the protective effects of vitamin D3 and resveratrol against metabolic alterations associated with a high-fat fructose diet (HFFD). Ninety male albino rats were randomly divided into sex equal groups : Control (cont.), metabolic syndrome (MetS), vitamin D3 (VitD), metabolic syndrome treated with vitamin D3 (MetS+VitD), resveratrol (RSV), and metabolic syndrome treated with resveratrol (MetS+RSV). Vitamin D3 was administrated at a dose of 1000 IU/ kg BW, I/M, day after day. Meanwhile, resveratrol was administrated orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg BW, daily. After 10 weeks, body weight, serum biochemical parameters, hepatic oxidative stress, inflammatory markers as well mRNA levels of hepatic genes related to lipid metabolism and insulin signaling were measured. In addition, the liver was examined histopathologically to detect lipid deposition. Increased body weight, hepatic dysfunction, dyslipidemia, hepatic insulin resistance, hepatic oxidative and inflammatory stress conditions, up-regulation of mRNA expression level of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1-c (SREBP-1-c), and down-regulation of mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferated activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and insulin receptor substrate-2 (IR-S2) were all observed in the MetS rats. Hepatic steatosis was confirmed by hematoxylin & eosin and oil red O staining. Administration of either vitamin D3 or resveratrol reduced liver steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory state. Also, it improved lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and reverted alterations in hepatic mRNA expression levels of the tested genes. Based on these findings, vitamin D and resveratrol could be proposed as a therapeutic approach for MetS prevention.