الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Glucose is an important metabolic substrate in mammalian cells; it can be metabolized by series of reactions that extract energy from it or convert it into other important products as free fatty acids, amino acids and glycogen.
It’s important for cellular function to regulate glucose homeostasis; maintaining blood glucose at a steady-state level. Glucose homeostasis is mediated by a number of hormones that are involved in glucose metabolism and maintenance of normoglycemia. It’s achieved by balance between the ability to stimulate glucose consumption while suppressing endogenous glucose production, keeping the concentration of blood glucose level constant at 70 – 110 mg/dl.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence and outcome of glucose intolerance in intensive care population. Our study was carried out randomly on 290 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) of Sidnawy hospital for health insurance and EL – Zaitoun hospital, from December 2018 to January 2020.
Ninety one out of the 290 patients were females and 199 were males. One hundred seventy four patients were diabetics and 116 patients didn’t have history of diabetes. On admission, 83 patients (28.6%) were normoglycemic, 8 patients were hypoglycemic, 199 patients were hyperglycemic (68.6%). Of them, 55 patients (19 %) were mild hyperglycemic, 12 patients (4.1 %) were moderate hyperglycemic and 132 patients (45.5%) had sever hyperglycemia; out of them only 20 patients (6.9%) weren’t known diabetic.
After 48 hours of admission, only 32 patients (11%) were normoglycemic and 250 patients (86.2%) developed hyperglycemia. Of them 33 patients (11.38%) were mild hyperglycemia, 22 patients(7.59%) were moderate hyperglycemia and 195 patients (67.2%) were Sever hyperglycemia . Only 47 patients (16.2%) with severe hyperglycemia were not known diabetic; i.e. “stress hyperglycemia” and 148 patients (51 %) of sever hyperglycemia were known as diabetic.
Our study didn’t detect statistically significant relation between glucose levels and the usage of steroids, circulatory support (e.g. norepinephrine). Also, there was no statistically significant relation between glucose level and method of feeding (enteral or parenteral). In our study, hyperglycemia was associated with prolonged stay on mechanical ventilation and ICU. However, there was no relation between hyperglycemia and mortality among critically ill patients.
In conclusion, Incidence of hyperglycemia was high in intensive care patients, and more common in diabetics. There was no relation between glucose intolerance in critically ill patients and cause of ICU admission or associated diseases. Vasopressors and steroids were not risk factors for glucose intolerance during initial 48 hours of ICU admission. Hyperglycemia was associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and stay in ICU. But, there was no significance relation between blood glucose level in ICU patients and incidence of mortality.