الفهرس 
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
This thesis aims to study the development of miniaturized systems for meas-urement of Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) and Blood Glucose Concentration (BGC) non-invasively through the human skin, using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technolo-gy. The spectrometer is micro-fabricated on a single silicon chip with Michelson inter-ferometer as its core engine. This solution promises low cost and high scalability which is suitable for wearable applications. However, the miniature size of the system limits the optical throughput. Different aspects related to the MEMS spectrometer configu-ration and the safety of its operation on the skin are investigated. This is followed by the design and implementation of the optical probe used for the non-invasive meas-urements. This includes the modeling of light transport to acquire diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) from the human skin for the optimization of the useful signals.
Furthermore, simulations are used to study the requirements of the application accompanied by chemometric analysis. Then, experimental studies are performed on humans to measure blood glucose concentration. Finally, to push the performance of the MEMS FTIR spectrometer, parallel interferometers operating on the same MEMS chip are used. This concept is implemented and characterized for enhancing the spectral range and the SNR.
Keywords: Near-Infrared, Mid-Infrared, Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System, Silicon, FTIR Spectroscopy, Non-invasive glucose, Non-invasive alcohol, Monte Carlo, Parallel Spectrometer, Skin-safe MEMS spectrometer.