الفهرس 
Racism in the United States: A SurveyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The objective of this thesis is to shed light on racial manifestations in the United States and to highlight the fact that racism is structured into the rhythm of the American society against non -white minorities. The thesis focuses on racism against Muslims in the aftermath of 9/11, proving that Islamophobia is a kind of racism; and it focuses on highlighting racial manifestations against blacks after the presidency of Barack Obama as the first black president in the United States. These manifestations are exposed through four contemporary plays which examine these racial practices.
The thesis aims at answering the following questions: how far racism is manifested against Muslim Americans and African Americans? How far racism in the United States is systemic and is always in formation? Did racism increase against Muslims and blacks after 9/11 and during Obama’s regime?
This thesis is divided into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter presents the theoretical framework and the following two chapters include application on four selected plays which examine racism against Muslim Americans and African Americans.
The first chapter, ” Racism in the United States: A Survey” presents a review of racism and a survey of the theories related to racism with special reference to Joe R. Feagin’s, Erik Love’s Michael Omi’s and Howard Winant’s theories of racism in the United States. The theoretical part of this thesis makes a survey to other related American contemporary theories related to racism to provide a comprehensive view to racism in the United States in general. The main focus is on Joe R. Feagin’s Systemic Racism: A Theory of Oppression (2006) Erik Love’s Islamophobia and Racism in America (2017), Michael Omi’s and Howard Winant’s Racial Formation in the United States (2014) to be applied on the four plays to be discussed in the following chapters.
Chapter two, ”Racism against Muslim- Americans in the aftermath of 9/11 represented in Yussef El Guindi’s Back of the Throat and Ayad Akhtar’s Disgraced” discusses the prevalence of Islamophobia in the aftermath of 9/11 which subjected Muslims in the United States to racial practices, stereotyping Muslims as terrorists, Although the protagonists of the two plays respond differently to Islamophobia, they discuss the same racial practices from different perspectives.
The first play is Back of the Throat (2005) written by the Egyptian-American writer Yussef El Guindi (1960- ). The play revolves around an Arab American writer who is being investigated by two FBI agents because he has been accused of terrorism because he is a Muslim. During the interrogation, he is subjected to various racial manifestations. The second play Disgraced for the Pakistani- American writer Ayad Akhtar (1970- ) revolves around the Pakistani American lawyer, Amir who abandoned his religion and name in order to assimilate in the American society. Through a dinner party, racial arguments have been raised by American minorities.
Chapter three, ”Racial Manifestations against Black Americans during Obama’s Regime as represented in David Mamet’s Race and Bruce Norris’ Clybourne Park, depicts racism against African Americans after the presidency of Barack Obama in 2008. These two plays are written by two white writers who examine various racial manifestations against Blacks as negative stereotyping which resulted in more racial practices as socio economic discrimination and mutual hatred between Blacks and Whites.
The first play is Race (2009) written by the famous American writer David Mamet (1947- ). This play is about how a legal firm deals with the case of a white businessman who has been accused of raping a black woman and shows how this case provokes racial arguments and practices between Blacks and Whites. The second play is Clybourne Park (2010) written by Bruce Norris (1960- ). The play takes place through two acts; the first act is about the racial conditions in 1959 while the second act is about racial conditions in 2009 which is still manifested even after the election of the first black American president.
The conclusion sums up the findings of the thesis, showing different perspectives of racism in the United States particularly against Muslim Americans and African Americans in the aftermath of 9/11 and during Obama’s regime throughout the selected plays. It answers the thesis’ questions which have been raised and offers recommendations to overcome racism in the United States.