الفهرس 
STUDY AREAOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
Abstract
The present study aims at: 1- preparing a list of the trees and shrubs (of height ≥ 50 cm) in the Egyptian flora, 2- determining the species which are considered alien, 3- determining if there are endemic or near-endemic species among them, 4- checklist analysis in terms of taxonomic diversity, geographical distribution, life forms, flowering times, sex forms,dispersal types, rarity forms, goods and services, threats and physical defense, 5- evaluation of their IUCN Red List Categories, 6- determining the distribution of the threatened taxa in Egypt on a grid map and 7- determining the in situ and ex situ conservation actions taken towards these plants in Egypt.The list of the trees and shrubs with mean height ≥ 50 cm was prepared from literature reviews, field trips and herbaria consultation. The list was analyzed in terms of taxonomic diversity, geographical distribution, life forms, flowering times, sex forms, dispersal types,rarity forms, goods and services, threats and physical defense. Twenty one field visits were conducted to many locations allover Egypt (Oases, Mediterranean, Nile region, Red Sea,Eastern desert and Sinai) during winter 2017 to winter 2020 for collecting the trees and shrubs in Egypt. The collected sheets were deposited in TANE. Species that couldn’t be collected by the author were revised from the herbarium sheets kept in CAI, TANE, CAIM, ASTU, CAIH and CAIRC. Also, there is a computerized data base dealing with the botany,environment and economic potentiality of the trees and shrubs in the Egyptian flora.The taxa recorded in this study are 228 (211 species, 28 subspecies and 21 varieties)belonged to 126 genera and 45 families. Gymnosperms are represented by 2 families(Cupressaceae and Ephedraceae), 2 genera, 6 species and one subspecies. The monocot families are 2 (Asparagaceae and Arecaceae), represented by 5 genera and 6 species.Eudicots are represented by 41 families. The list of the recorded trees and shrubs was arranged alphapitically according to APG IV system.Ten natural habitats and four anthropogenic habitats are supporting the trees and shrubs in Egypt. The natural habitats are: sand dunes, sand flats, alluvial and loamy soils, rocky ground, mountains, hills and ridges, calcareous ground, plains, depressions and wadis,mangrove forests, salt marshes and saline soils. The anthropogenic habitats are: banks of water bodies, road sides, waste lands, cultivated lands. Sand dunes (116 taxa = 50.9 %),followed by saline soils (101 taxa = 44.3 %) had the maximum number of trees and shrubs,while mangrove forests had the minimum number (only 2 taxa = 0.9 %)