الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cisplatin (Cp) is an anti-neoplastic drug. Nephrotoxicity is the major side effect of Cp. Spirulina (Sp) is a blue-green alga with the ability to alleviating side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in clinic. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of Sp to protect from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. 80 Sprague-Dawley male rats were being used in the present study and divided into 8 groups, 10 rats each. Cp was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) at 7 mg/kg BW and Spirulina was given orally at either 400 or 1000 mg/kg BW. The animal groups were : group 1 : healthy rat ; group2 : rat treated with Cp; group 3 : rat orally treated with Sp ( 400 mg/kg BW /day ) for 21 days ; group 4 : rat orally treated with Sp ( 1000 mg/kg BW /day ) for 21 days ;group 5 : rat given Cp followed by Sp ( 400 mg/kg BW /day) 2 days after Cp injection; group 6 : rat given Sp ( 1000 mg/kg BW /day ) 2 days after Cp injection; group 7 : rat given Sp ( 400 mg/kg BW /day) 2 days before Cp injection for 21 successive days ; group 8 : rat given Sp ( 1000 mg/kg BW /day) 2 days before Cp injection for 21 successive days. At the end of experiment, Cp drug was induced acute kidney injury elevated levels of BUN, creatinine, KIM-1, NGAL and microalbumin in significant compared to that of normal control group, while the opposite effects were found in the rats who received Sp only. Furthermore, the prophylactic group showed improvements in biochemical parameters compared to those received Cp only. The effects of Cp were found to be diminished in the treated group. In addition, evaluation of Bax and SIRT genes expression in combination with histomorphological alterations of the kidney indicated the protective effect of Sp against Cp. In conclusion, it is apparent that oral ingestion of Spirulina platensis can alleviate many side effects of Cisplatin when used as a chemotherapeutic agent in experimental animals. The power of alleviating these side effects is more beneficial at high doses of Spirulina particularly when given before Cisplatin. Recommendation: Spirulina can be recommended as a food supplement to alleviate many side effects of Cisplatin and to stimulate the immune system of drugs users. Whether these findings are applicable to humans using Cisplatin needs further research.