الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out in saran house of Desert Research Center Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, El Matariya, Cairo, Egypt during 2014 to 2017 seasons. The genotypes which used as rootstocks and interstocks were sour orange (Citrus aurantium.) and volkamer lemon (Citrus volkameriana.) Whereas, the cultivars which used as a scion source was Valencia orange and Navel orange (Citrus sinensis.). The aim of these experiments are to study the effect of interstock on growth and leaf mineral content, total indols, total phenols and C/N ratio of Valencia and Navel orange transplants.
The first experiment
Effect of interstock on growth and leaf mineral content of Valencia orange transplants:
1. Vegetative growth parameters
1.1. Scion height
Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange inerstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly scion height in two studied seasons.
1.2. Number of Leaves
Valencia orange scions budded on sour orange inerstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) recorded the highest significantly on number of leaves in both studied seasons.
1.3. Stem thickness
Stem thickness above graft union revealed that Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) the highest significantly values in both studied seasons. On the other hand, stem thickness below graft union was the highest significantly value obtained Valencia orange scions budded on Volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) in the first and second seasons. While, effect of interstock on stem thickness above / below graft union proved that Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) the highest significantly value in first season. But in the second season not significantly affected by treatments.
1.4. Leaf area
Results proved that, in the first and second seasons leaf area of Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the best significantly value.
1.1. Scion fresh weight
Data cleared that, scion vegetative growth fresh weight in the first season of Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) followed by Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on Sour orange rootstock (T5) had the highest significantly values. On the other hand, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value.
1.2. Scion dry weight percentage
Data presented that, dry weight percentage of scion vegetative growth in the first and second seasons of Valencia orange scions budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest significantly value.
1.7. Root fresh weight
Results showed that, in the first season root fresh weight of Valencia orange scions budded on Volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) had the highest significantly values. While, in the second season were Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) and Valencia orange scion budded on Sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly values.
1.8. Root dry weight percentage
Data proved that, the effect of interstock on root dry weight percentage in the first season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) followed by Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on Sour orange rootstock (T3) had the highest significantly values .On the other hand, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on Sour orange rootstock (T5) had the highest significantly value.
1.9. Root length
The best results with regard to the effect of interstock on root length in the first season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) and Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) had the highest significantly values. On the other side, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on Sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly value.
2. Leaf mineral content
2.1. Nitrogen
Leaf nitrogen content achieved that, in the first and second seasons of Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) (2.83 & 2.80) respectively were the highest significantly values.
2.2. Phosphorus
The results in this study, the effect of interstock on leaf Phosphorus content in the first and seasons proved that the highest significantly value was obtained by Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6).
2.3. Potassium
In this study obtained results, the effect of interstock the highest significantly value on leaf potassium content in the first season was obtained with Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6). On the other hand, in the second season achieved that the highest significantly values Valencia orange scion budded on Volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) equal with Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5).
2.4. Calcium
In this study proved that, the effect of interstock on leaf calcium content in the first season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly values parallel values with Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4). While, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value.
2.5. Magnesium
Concerning data in this study, the effect of interstock on leaf Magnesium content in the first and second seasons Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) achieved the highest significantly values in two seasons.
2.6. Iron
Iron in leaves, in the first season had the highest significantly by Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) and achieved equal value with the same statistically standpoint Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5). On the other hand, in the second season Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) cleared the highest significantly value.
2.7. Zinc
Valencia orange budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) and parallel values with the same point Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on Volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest significantly values on leaf Zinc content in the first season. Whereas, in the second season Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest significantly values and the same values statistically standpoint (T3 & T5).
2.8. Manganese
In the first season Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest significantly value. On the other hand, in the second season Valencia orange budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) and Valencia orange budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly values.
2.9. Total carbohydrates in scion stem
In the first and second seasons Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafting on volkamer lemon rootstock (T3) gave the highest significantly values of total carbohydrates in scion stem.
2.10. Total nitrogen in scion stem
The highest significantly value on total nitrogen in scion stem in the first season was obtained Valencia orange scions budded on Volkamer lemon interstock grafted on Volkamer lemon rootstock (T6). On the other side, in the second season Valencia orange scions budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) and Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on Sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly values.
2.11. C/N ratio in scion stem
The highest significantly values C/N ratio in scion stem in the first and second seasons was obtained by Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3).
2.12. Total carbohydrates in the roots
Total carbohydrates in the roots in obtained the highest significantly values the first season Valencia orange scion on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Valencia orange scion on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2). in the second season Valencia orange scion on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value.
2.13. Total nitrogen in the roots
Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly value on total nitrogen in the roots in the first season. In the second season Valencia orange scions budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly value compared with the other treatments.
2.14. C/N ratio in the roots
The highest significant value of C/N ratio in the roots system in the first and second seasons was Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T5).
2.15. Total indols in scions
Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly values in the both seasons.
2.16. Total phenols in scions
In the first season, Valencia orange scions budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest significantly value. in the second season, the highest significant value were obtained by Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) and Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5).
2.17. Indols /phenols ratio in scion
Valencia orange scions budded on Volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) and Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly values in the first season. While, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) gave the highest significantly value.
2.18. Total indols in roots
In root in the first season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) and Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value compared with other treatments. In the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) and Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly values.
2.19. Total phenols in roots
Results presented in this study, the effect of graft combination on Valencia orange scion on total phenols in root in the first season achieved Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) the highest significantly value. On the other hand, in the second season Valencia orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) the highest value compared with T1, T3 and T4.
2.20. Total Indols /phenols ratio in roots
Valencia orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly values in both seasons.
The second experiment
Effect of interstock on growth and leaf mineral content of Navel orange transplants:
1. Vegetative growth parameters
1.1. Scion height
Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest insignificantly value by other treatments in the first season .On the other hand, in second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) was the highest significantly value.
1.2. Number of Leaves
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value followed by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5). in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) achieved the highest significantly value of leaf number followed by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) without significant difference between them.
1.3. Stem thickness
1.3.1. Stem thickness above graft union
In the first season the highest significant value was obtained by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) followed by Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2). In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) achieved the highest value.
1.3.2. Stem thickness below graft union
In the first season the highest significant value was obtained by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) followed by Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2). In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) the gave the highest significant value.
1.3.3. Above/below stem thickness ratio
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) and Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly values. Whereas, in the second season not significantly values with all treatments.
1.4. Leaf area
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) achieved the highest significantly value compared to T1 and T4. In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) and Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) gave the highest significantly values.
1.5. Scions fresh weight
In both seasons, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock gave (T1) the highest significantly value.
1.6. Scions dry weight percentage
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value followed by T4, T5 and T3. In second season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value.
1.7. Root fresh weight
In the both seasons, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value. The lowest significant was value obtained by Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) in the first and second seasons.
1.8. Root dry weight percentage
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) had the highest significantly value and Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1). In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) the highest significantly value.
1.9. Root length
In the first season, not significantly affected by any treatments. In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly value.
2. Leaf mineral content
2.1. Nitrogen
In the first season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly value of leaf nitrogen content. In the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly value.
2.2. Phosphorus
Data in this study, said that effect of interstock on leaf phosphorus content in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest significantly values. While, in the second season data not significantly affect by any treatments.
2.3. Potassium
Results showed that, in the first season content Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly value compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, in the second season were data insignificant differences among treatments.
2.4. Calcium
Results indicated that, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) gave the highest significantly values. On the other side, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) gave the highest significantly value.
2.5. Magnesium
Data showed that, in the first season Navel orange scions budded on Sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest significantly value. Whereas, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest significantly value.
2.6. Iron
Results revealed that, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T6) followed by T4 and T3 in the same point gave the highest significantly values. In the second season, Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock treatment (T3) and Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T6) gave the highest significantly.
2.7. Zinc
Data in this study indicated that, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T6) followed by T3 & T4 gave the highest significantly values. Whereas, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T6) had the highest significantly value.
2.8. Manganese
Data in this study proved that, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T4) had the highest significantly value. On the other hand, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock treatment (T6) gave the highest significantly value.
2.9. Total carbohydrates in scion stem
In this study, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) had the highest value significantly of total carbohydrates in scion vegetative growth. Whereas, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) followed byT4 and T5 gave the highest values significantly.
2.10. Total nitrogen in scion stem
Data in this study present that, the highest significantly value total nitrogen in scion vegetative growth in the first season was obtained by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) compared to the other treatments. While, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest value significantly.
2.11. C/N ratio in scion stem
Data revealed that, C/N ratio in scion vegetative growth in both two seasons had the highest value significantly was obtained by Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) compared to the other treatments.
2.12. Total carbohydrates in the roots
Data recorded in this study, total carbohydrates in root in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest value significantly. Whereas, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest value significantly.
2.13. Total nitrogen in the roots
Regarding this results, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) was the highest value significantly. While, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) was the highest value significantly.
2.14. C/N ratio in the roots
Results in this study, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) and followed by (T2) gave the highest values significantly. Whereas, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) followed by T3 and T1 gave the highest values significantly.
2.15. Total indols in scions
Regarding this results, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) was the highest value significantly. While, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) and followed by Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) gave the highest values significantly.
2.16. Total phenols in scions
Data in this study, in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) followed by T4 and T5 gave the highest values significantly. On the other hand, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) gave the highest value significantly.
2.17. Indols /phenols ratio in scions
Data concerning that, the effect of interstock on Indols /phenols in scion vegetative growth in the first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T4) followed by T1& T5 gave the highest values significantly. While as, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) and Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) were the highest values significantly.
2.18. Total indols in roots
Data revealed that, in first season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange rootstock (T1) gave the highest value significantly compared to the other treatments. On the other hand, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on sour orange interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T5) gave the highest value significantly.
2.19. Total phenols in roots
Data recorded that, Navel orange scions budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) gave the highest value significantly while, the lowest significant value was obtained Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) in the first season. On the other hand, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon rootstock (T2) gave the highest value significantly while, the lowest significant value was obtained by Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3).
Indols /phenols ratio in roots
Regarding to data in this study, achieved indols /phenols ratio in root in the first season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on sour orange rootstock (T3) had the highest value significantly. But, the lowest significant value was obtained by Navel orange scions budded on sour orange rootstock (T2). Also, in the second season Navel orange scion budded on volkamer lemon interstock grafted on volkamer lemon rootstock (T6) followed by (T5 &T3) gave the highest value significantly.