الفهرس 
Liver AnatomyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Liver disease in pediatrics is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in this age group and includes a broad spectrum of disorders such as infections, developmental abnormalities) metabolic and neoplastic disorders that finally result in hepatic dysfunction and cirrhosis.
Hepatobiliary diseases are frequently associated with many extrahepatic manifestations. Among all these manifestations the ocular manifestations are the most common. In addition, they are easily recognizable and may provide the first clues of liver disease allowing for early diagnosis and therapy and at times point to etiology of disease.
Ocular manifestations of chronic liver disease are varied and include pruritus, pigmentary changes, vascular changes, collagen changes and immunological manifestations.
Many liver diseases associated with certain ocular manifestations. Liver disease may cause eye changes. In other hand, the eye and the liver may be involved by the same pathologic process.
Ophthalmological manifestations of chronic liver disease are varied; Wilson’s disease is a disorder with pathological changes in liver and in many instances associated with certain ocular manifestations. The most common and characteristic ophthalmic finding in the disease is the Kayser-Fleischer ring in the cornea. The other classic ophthalmological manifestation of Wilson’s disease is the sunflower cataract; which was first described by Siemerling and Oloff in 1922;
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health problem and a leading cause of chronic liver disease. An estimated 180 million people are infected worldwide. In the United States (U.S.), the prevalence of HCV infection between the years 1999 and 2002 was 1.6%, equating to about 4.1 million persons positive for antibody to hepatitis C (anti-HCV), 80% of whom are estimated to be viremic. Hepatitis C is the principal cause of death from liver disease and the leading indication for liver transplantation in the U.S. Some calculations suggest that mortality related to HCV infection (death from liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma) will continue to increase over the next two decades. The purpose of this document is to provide clinicians with evidence-based approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of HCV infection.