الفهرس 
ANATOMICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND INDICATIONS OF TRACHEOSTOMY
Anatomical relations of the tracheaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Tracheostomy is one of the most frequent procedures performed in critically ill patients. It has been advocated for those requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation because it facilitates weaning by decreasing the work of breathing in patients with limited reserve, decreases the requirement for sedation, and may allow for earlier patient mobilization, feeding, and physical and occupational therapy. Despite the existence of various techniques, the key to successful performance of a tracheostomy and management of patients with a tracheostomy is standardization. It is vital to select one technique and become expert in its use.
So we can classify percutaneous tracheostomy techniques into:
I. Blind technique.
II. Bronchoscopic guided technique.
III. Ultrasound guided technique.
Both the surgical and the percutaneous dilatational strategies provide advantages and disadvantages. Some complications which can compromise the airway, such as technical difficulties, paratracheal insertion, tracheal laceration, pneumothorax, loss of airway, and hemorrhage, tend to be unusual for the surgical procedure but more likely in the percutaneous procedure. Accordingly, the surgical strategy appears to be beneficial with regard to the airway safety. In contrary, stoma inflammation and infection might be more rare when PDT is performed.
Keywords: Recent updates, Insertion and Management of Tracheostomy, Adult Critically Ill Patients
References
Freeman B and Morris P. Tracheostomy practice in adults with acute respiratory failure, Critical Care Medicine, 2012; 40 (10): 2890-2896.
Pandian V and Mirski M. Fundamentals and Timing of TracheostomyICU Team and Patient Perspectives. Annual update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2015. Springer International Publishing, 2015; 219-231.
Klotz R, Klaiber U, Grummich K, et al. Percutaneous versus surgical strategy for tracheostomy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative and postoperative complications. Systematic Reviews, 2015; 4(1):105.