الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conduct to evaluate the effect of
feeding dietary rice bran oil alone or mixed with sunflower
seed oil to normal and atherogenic male albino rats on lipid
profile improvement, restricting cardiovascular disease,
oxidative stress, liver and heart function enhancement and
histopathological changes in rats liver and heart tissues.
This study was carried out using 80 adult male albino rats
of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 100-120g (116 g ±5.36)
divided into 8 groups as following:
group I: Rats fed on the basal standard diet (considered
as negative control group -ve)
group II: Rats fed on the basal standard diet
supplemented with 10% rice bran oil
group III: Rats fed on the basal standard diet
supplemented with 5% rice bran oil and 5% sun flower oil.
group IV: Rats fed on the basal standard diet
supplemented with 3% rice bran oil and 7% sun flower oil.
group V: Rats fed on atherogenic diet (considered as a
positive control group +ve).
group VI: Rats fed on atherogenic diet supplemented
with 10% rice bran oil .
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group VII: Rats fed on atherogenic diet supplemented
with 5% rice bran oil and 5% sun flower oil.
group VIII: Rats fed on atherogenic diet supplemented
with 3% rice bran oil and 7% sun flower oil
Food and water were provided ad-libitum for ten weeks.
The consumed foods and body weights of rats were recorded
twice weekly to monitor body weight changes feed intake
and feed efficiency ratio during the feeding peroid.
Blood samples which collected from the portal hepaticvein
were centrifuged to separat serum. Some biochemical
investigations were done on serum and tissue of liver.
Results of this study could be summarized as follows
A) Biology study
Body weight gain
Body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio in rats fed on
atherogenic diet showed significant elevation as compared to
standard diet fed rats negative control. However, feed intake
was significantly reduced in rats fed on atherogenic diet as
compared to negative control.
Rats body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio were
significantly reduced in rats fed on atherogenic diet
supplemented with 10% RBO. While, there feed intake was
significantly increase as compared to positive control.
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193
Feed efficiency ratio in rats fed on atherogenic diet
supplemented with 5% RBO exhibited significant elevation
as compared to positive control.
Relative organs weight
Liver relative weight was significantly increased in rats
fed on atherogenic diet while, heart relative weight in
atherogenic diet fed rats was significantly decrease as
compared by negative control.
Addition of rice bran oil to atherogenic diet by different
percentage (10% and 5%)significantly increase the heart
relative weight while the relative liver weight was
significantly decrease as compared by positive control.
B) Biochemical study
Serum lipid profiles
The lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, TG and VLDL-C) were
significantly increased in rats feeding on atherogenic diet
while addition RBO to standard diet showed significant
decrease in rats lipid profiles as compared to negative
control.
Rice bran oil addition by 10%, 5%, 3% to the rats fed on
atherogenic diet was significantly decreased serum TC, LDLC,
TG and VLDL-C as compared to positive control while
significantly increased in HDL-C by respectively as
compared by positive control.
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194
Serum free fatty acid and atherogenic factors
Rats fed on atherogenic diet exhibited significant
elevation in serum FFA, TC/HDL-C ratio and LDL-C/HDLC
ratio compared to negative control.
Addition of rice bran oil to atherogenic diet by different
percentage 10%, 5%, 3% significantly decrease the serum
FFA, TC/HDL-C ratio and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio as compared
to positive control.
Lipoprotein electrophoresis:
The Alpa- lipoprotein percentage % (HDL-C%) was
significantly decreased while Beta-lipoprotein percentage%
(LDL-C%) was significantly increased in atherogenic rats as
compared to negative control. Addition of rice bran oil to
atherogenic diet by different percentage 10%, 5%, 3% was
significantly decreased the prebeta- lipoprotein (V-LDL-C
%) percentage as compared to negative control.
However, addition of RBO by 10%, 5%, 3% to
atherogenic diet exhibited significant reducetion in Betalipoprotein
percentage and prebeta- lipoprotein percentage
while Alpa-LP % was significantly increase as compared to
positive control.
Serum and liver lipid peroxidation (MDA) and
antioxidant capacity:
Feeding on atherogenic diet raised significantly serum
(MDA) and tissue (MDA) while the total antioxidant
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195
capacity was significantly decreased as compared to negative
control. Addition of RBO to standard diet or atherogenic diet
showed highly elevation in serum total antioxidant capacity
as compared to negative control.
Feeding on atherogenic diet supplemented with 10%, 5%,
3%RBO exhibited significant reduction in serum (MDA) and
tissue (MDA) while, serum total antioxidant capacity was
significantly increased as compared to positive control.
Heart functions
Serum LDH, CK-MB activities were significantly
increased in atherogenic diet fed rats as compared to negative
control. While atherogenic diet supplemented with 10%, 5%,
3% RBO exhibited significant decrease in serum LDH, CKMB
as compared with positive control.
Liver function:
The results exhibited significant elevations in ALP, ALT
and AST activities in atherogenic diet fed rats as compared to
negative control group. While a significant decreased in liver
functions were observed in the rats fed on atherogenic diet
supplemented with different percentage of 10%, 5%,
3%RBO as compared by positive control.
It was observed that serum concentrations of total
protein, albumin and globulin were decreased in rats fed on
atherogenic diet and atherogenic diet supplemented with
different percentage of RBO as comparison to negative
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196
control.However, Supplementation the atherogenic diet with
RBO was elevated level albumin and total protein as
compared to positive control
Kidney functions:
Serum urea and creatinine levels were significantly
increased by feeding on atherogenic diet as compared to
negative control.
Serum urea and creatinine showed non significantly
difference in rats fed on standard diet and atherogenic diet
with different dietary treatment 10 %, 5% and 3% RBO as
with compared to either the negative or positive controls.
C) Histological studies:
Histopathological changes of liver and heart:
The heart of atherogenic rats showed congestion of
myocardial blood vessels and at some section showed focal
necrosis of cardiac myocytes while the heart section from
negative control rats and RBO fed rats revealed the normal
histological structure.The liver of atherogenic rats showed
small vacuoles in the cytoplasm of heptocytes and sinusoidal
leucocytosis while the liver sections of the rats fed on rice
bran oil showed no histopathological with activation of
kuffer cells.