الفهرس 
ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anthropometry is a branch of science that measures
linear and angular dimensions of the body in the living
human. It aims to compare the body forms by using specific
landmarks determined in respect of the body anatomical
prominences.
The nose is a person’s most defining feature because it
is at the center of the face. The size, shape and proportions of
the nose provide a visual basis suggesting the character of the
person. The nasal indices and parameters including nasal
length, height, ratios and angles also are important
parameters in anthropometric facial analysis.
The nasal aesthetics varies according to ethnic,
geographical, cultural and gender related differences which
are more critical in assessing the appearance of the person
own nose as opposed to the noses of other people.
There are four methods of anthropometry described to
evaluate the form and symmetry of the face. One of the
methods is direct anthropometry which is the direct
measurement of surface dimensions. The second method is indirect anthropometry or photogrammetry which depends on
the analysis of the photographs. The third method is
cephalometry, which provides anthropometric analysis using
imaging by traditional X-ray. The last method used in
anthropometric analysis is three-dimensional anthropometry
designed to capture topographical surface data of the face.
In this study we used the second anthropometric
method using Rhinobase ® software. Photographs were taken
using a digital camera (Nikon D3100 14.2 mega pixel);
photographs of the frontal, right lateral and basal nasal views
were taken. The pictures were uploaded and calibrated in
(Rhinobase ® software), Specific landmarks were marked on
the pictures and the program calculated distances and angles
automatically and displayed them in a continuous frame.
Values were expressed as mean and standard deviation (S.D.)
and these values were compared with other nasal
anthropometric parameters descriped in other studies of
different racial groups.