الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background: chronic periodontitis represents a destructive inflammatory disease, encompassing gingiva, radical cementum, periodontitis and osseous alveolar process. Conventional periodontal treatment involves mechanical supra and subgingival debridement, which results in reductions of the total subgingival microbiota.The administration of beneficial bacteria has emerged as a promising concept in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Since some beneficial bacteria posses both antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: To evaluate the effect of probiotic clinically and microbiologically as an adjunctive treatment to scaling and root planning (SRP) in treatment of chronic periodontitis patients.Materials and Methods: Thirty, otherwise systemically healthy, chronic periodontitis patients. They were classified into three group, 1st group who received only scaling and root planning, 2nd group who received scaling and root planning in addition of using probiotic L. reuteri Prodentis lozenge from the start of the treatment, 3rd group who received scaling and root planning in addition to probiotic L. reuteri Prodentis lozenge at the third week. The participants received oral hygiene instructions. Clinical parameters PI,SBI,PPD,CAL and microbiological levels of the pathogens P.gingivalis , and P.intermedia , were assessed on day 0 before treatment, and at the end of the study after 4 weeks Result: At day 30, the PI, SBI, PPD and CAL were significantly reduced in all groups. By comparing between groups there was significant difference in clinical parameters between group 2 and group1 also between group 2 and group 3, also the amount of Pg and Pi decrease in all groups but there was no significant difference between the three groups.Conclusions: The present randomized controlled trial confirms the plaque inhibition, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects of L. reuteri Prodentis. L. reuteri Prodentis probiotic can be recommended during nonsurgical therapy and the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment. Considering the beneficial effects of probiotics, this therapy could serve as a useful adjunct to SRP but further studies are required in this direction.Recommendations : Further studies on a larger sample size is necessary to ensure the efficacy of L.reuteri probiotic.Use of probiotics in addition to Scaling and root planning can be used in the treatment of other types of periodontal diseases.