الفهرس 
Normal Anatomy of Pediatric Skeleton
Appendicular SkeletonOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Approximately one-half of all pediatric emergency department–related visits are due to orthopedic injuries.
In addition, studies show that children have anatomical and physiological characteristics that may predispose to different injury patterns than those in adults.
Pediatric orthopedic trauma management should differ from that of an adult because of the physiological and anatomical differences among populations. Pediatric skeletal characteristics include persistent growth, bone remodeling potential, elastic bone, open growth plates, thick periosteum, and smaller anatomic structures.
A child‟s bone is porous and can sustain more deformation than an adult‟s before fracturing completely. This leads to typical fracture patterns such as buckle, or torus, fractures, greenstick fractures, and plastic bowing. Children are less likely to suffer comminuted fractures for the same reason.
Epiphyseal plate or growth plate fractures account for10-30% of pediatric fractures. The end of the long bone, termed the epiphyseal complex, is responsible foremost of the normal longitudinal growth. The epiphyseal complex consists of the epiphysis, physis (growth plate) and metaphysis Computed tomography (CT) has always played an important role in the evaluation of complex musculoskeletal disease in the pediatric patient.
Current MDCT technologies allow high resolution imaging in patients with skeletal trauma. With advances in image processing and post-processing 3D imaging has become a valuable adjunct to 2D series and is a tool routinely used for estimating spatial relations of bones and soft tissues as well as for the routine planning of surgery.
CT is valuable in areas difficult to be assessed with routin radiographs such as the sacrum, pelvis, hips and ankles. Also CT is useful in defining the extent of physeal component dislacment and to assess fracture healing (malunion, non-union or pseudoarthrosis.