الفهرس 
Acute Heart Failure and Mechanism of Action of LoopOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: In patients with acute heart failure (AHF), the risk of death or rehospitalization within 60 days from admission ranges from 30 to 60 %.
The symptoms that drive hospital admission are linked to congestion, and loop diuretics are the most common initial therapeutic approach (used in 90 % of cases).
In most patients, the increased diuresis is accompanied by a decrease in LV ventricular filling pressures and improvement of symptoms by reducing pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and intra-alveolar edema.
Aims: The aim of this essay is to figure out the role of loop diuretics in the management of systemic and peripheral congestion due to acute heart failure and discussing impaired renal function that occurs as an adverse effect.
Conclusion: Current goals in the acute treatment of heart failure are focused on pulmonary and systemic decongestion with loop diuretics as the cornerstone of therapy. Despite rapid relief of symptoms in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, after intravenous use of loop diuretics, the use of these agents has been consistently associated with adverse events, including hypokalemia, hypotension, and increased mortality.
The impaired renal function often associated with this treatment is not extensively explored and could deserve more specific studies. Several questions remain to be answered about the best diuretic modality administration, global clinical impact during acute and post-discharge period, and the role of renal function deterioration during treatment.