الفهرس 
MeningitisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Meningitis remains one of the most feared infectious
diseases worldwide and is associated with substantial mortality
and long-term neurological complications.
The current study was conducted on children ranged from
two to twelve years with complete epidemiological profile, risk
factors, clinical presentation, CSF analysis and serum Neopterin
in different bacterial and non-bacterial types of meningitis.
The present study was conducted at the meningitis
department, Embaba Fever Hospital and it included two groups:
First group: represent meningitis cases admitted in the hospital
in one year (May 2012- May 2013) and
Second group: represent the admitted meningitis cases in a
period of one year (May 2013- May 2014).
We found that the age ranged from 2-12 years with a
mean of 7.2 +/-3.39 in the first group in comparison to the
second group with a mean of 6.74 +/-3.18.
In the current study the percentage of males was higher
than females. The percentage of males was higher (63.3%) in
the first group in comparison to the second group (56.8%),
while the percentage of females was higher (43.2%) in the
second group in comparison to the first group (36.7%).In the current study we found that there was no statistical
significant difference ( p> 0.05) between both groups regarding
cases attending school , the percentage was (62.2%) in the first
group in comparison to the second group (61.7%).
In the current study we found that there was a statistical
significant difference (p =0.006) between both groups regarding
cases were in contact to ill relative, the percentage was (47.8%)
in the first group in comparison to the second group (27.2%).
In the current study we found that there was no statistical
significant difference between both groups regarding seasonal
variation, there was a higher percentage in winter (38.9%,
35.8%) in first and second group respectively followed by
spring (36.7%, 33.3%) in first and second group respectively,
while in summer were (14.4%, 14.8%) in first and second group
respectively and in autumn were (11.1%, 14.8%) in first and
second group respectively.
In the current study there was a statistical significant
difference between both groups regarding photophobia,
abdominal pain, and headache (p< 0.05).
In the second group there was a higher percentage of
fever (73%) in comparison to the first group (66.7%).
In the second group there was a higher percentage of stiff
neck (74.1%) in comparison to the first group (62.2%).In the second group there was a higher percentage of
seizures (49.4%) in comparison to the first group (45.6%).
Regarding systemic presentations, photophobia was
higher in the first group (38.9%) in comparison to the second
group (2.5%), nausea and vomiting were higher in the second
group (71.6%) in comparison to the first group (66.7%),
abdominal pain was higher in the first group (33.3%) in
comparison to the second group (16.1%), while pharyngitis was
higher in the first group (42.2%) in comparison to the second
group (37.1%).
There was a higher percentage of headache in the first
group (66.7%) in comparison to the second group (37.1%)
which is a significant sign of meningeal irritation.
The least percentage was rash and petichiea, there was a
higher percentage of rash and petichiea in the first group (4.4%)
in comparison to the second group (1.2%).
In the current study there was a higher percentage of
improvement (79.1%) in the second group in comparison to the
first group (73.3%), neurological complications occurred in
(15.6%, 13.6%) in the first and second group respectively,
death represent only (8.9%, 7.4%) in first and second group
respectively.In the current study: There was a higher percentage
(67.9%) of clear CSF indicating non bacterial cases in the
second group in comparison to the first group (48.9%) with a
statistical significant difference between both groups, and there
was a higher percentage (51.1%) of turbid CSF indicating
bacterial cases in the first group in comparison to the second
group (32.1%) with a statistical significant difference between
both groups, while the bloody CSF indicating tuberculous cases
represent only 1.1% in the first group in comparison to the
second group (0.00%).
In the current study as regard CSF culture there was a
higher percentage (32.2%) of no growth in the first group in
comparison to the second group (14.8%), followed by St.
pneumonia (9.9%) in the second group in comparison to the
first group (5.6%), then H influenza (7.8%) in the first group in
comparison to the second group (2.5%), then N. meningitides
(3.3%) in the first group in comparison to the second group
(2.5%), the lowest percentage was TB meningitis (1.1% and
0.00%) in the first and second group respectively.
In the current study there was a higher percentage of use
of antibiotics before admission in the first group (52.2%) in
comparison to the second group (32.1%) with a statistical
significant difference between both groups, this high percent
indicating rushing of people to use antibiotics In the current study there was no statistical significant
difference between both groups regarding the different
antibiotics. There was a higher percentage of use of penicillin
(68.9%) in the first group in comparison to the second group
(61.7%), there was a higher percentage of use of ampicillin and
ceftriaxon (66.7%) in the first group in comparison to the
second group (61.7%) while there was a higher percentage of
other antibiotics (7.8%) in the first group in comparison to the
second group (2.5%).
In the current study the mean +/- SD of serum Neopterin
and CRP were (28.11+/- 12.01) and (28.19+/-31.34)
respectively among the second group of patients.
There was a statistical significant positive correlation
between the bacterial meningitis and the higher level of serum
neopetrin.