الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among five breeds of horses (Thoroughbred, Obian Arabian horse, Oldenburg, Anglo-Arabian and Kuhaylan Arabian horse) in Egypt using biochemical approach (Protein electropheresis technique) as well as molecular approaches (RAPD-PCR and ISSR-PCR).
1. Genetic diversity of horse breeds as determined by SDS-PAGE of serum protein polypeptides:
Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method detected scoreable polymorphisms in banding patterns among the five horse breeds. All Polymorphic SDS-PAGE products were confirmed by repeating the reaction. SDS-page produced a total of ten bands (21, 42, 46, 52, 53, 61, 69, 80, 88, and 103 kd).
The highest number of bands (9) was detected in Thoroughbred, Obian and Oldenburg breeds. The lowest number of bands (8) was detected in Anglo-Arabian and Kuhaylan breeds.
Bands 21, 42, 46, 53, 61, 80, 88 and 103 kd produced in all breeds as common bands. Band 52 kd produced only in Oldenburg breed and band 69 kd produced only in Thoroughbred and Obian breeds.
The highest value of similarity (1.000) was recorded between Thoroughbred/ Obian and Anglo-Arabian/ Kuhaylan breeds, while the lowest similarity (0.890) was recorded between Thoroughbred/ Oldenburg breeds and Obian/ Oldenburg breeds.
The genetic distances ranged from 0.000 (most related) between Thoroughbred/ Obian and Anglo-Arabian/ Kuhaylan