الفهرس 
Cancer Antigen 125 (CA-125)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Early pregnancy failure is a common pregnancy complication in clinical practice, the time delay to distinguish viable from nonviable pregnancy is often distressing to patients and doctors.
The major role of ultrasound in the first trimester of pregnancy is to establish the presence of a normal live intrauterine pregnancy and to distinguish this from either pregnancy failure or ectopic pregnancy. No single ultrasound measurement of the different anatomical features in the first trimester has been shown to have a high predictive value for determining early pregnancy outcome.
A highly sensitive and specific biomarker that accurately discriminates between viable and non-viable pregnancy would be useful for early intervention.
The CA-125 tumor marker is a cell-surface antigen, derived from the surface coelomic epithelium, including the mucosa of the entire female genital tract and the germinal epithelium of the ovaries. The fetal chorion, amniotic fluid and maternal decidua have also been shown to contain significant amounts of CA-125 protein. The most likely source of the CA-125 during pregnancy is the decidua and not fetal tissues or amnion. Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy is associated with decidual destruction. Mechanical disruption of the decidua at the time of imminent abortion leads to the release of CA- 125 into maternal blood.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between sonographic findings, maternal serum level of CA1-25 in prognosis of pregnancies complicated by first-trimester bleeding in which fetal cardiac activity was documented.
This prospective case-control study was conducted on 60 women in their first trimester of pregnancy attending the outpatient clinic of Obstetrics & Gynaecology El-Menoufia University Hospital and EL Warak general hospital.
All the Patients aged between 20 to 40 years were in their 1st trimester of a viable singleton spontaneous pregnancy i.e., no history of induction of ovulation, presenting with vaginal bleeding
. Gestational age ranged (6-12) weeks calculated from the 1st day of the last normal menstrual period, preceded by 3 regular menstrual cycles, and correlating with ultrasound measurements, together with positive urinary pregnancy test.
The incidence of abortion in the current study was (25%). women of the two study groups were not significantly different as regards gravidity, maternal age, number of abortion and (CRL).
There were statistically significant differences between threatened abortion, aborted and continued group and control group as regards the maternal serum level of CA-125. As the aborted group showed a higher level of CA-125 compared to low level of CA-125 in the continued group.
Finally, estimation of CA-125 serum level, with the ultrasonography findings in patients with threatened abortion are attempts to develop a rapid, cheap and sensitive method for anticipating the pregnancy outcome.