الفهرس 
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Abstract
The knee joint is one of three major weight bearing joints in the lower extremity. Fractures that involve the bicondylar tibial plateau affect knee function and stability. . Generally, these injuries fall into two broad categories: low energy and high energy fractures. The spectrum of associated injuries, potential complications and outcomes varies with fracture pattern. There are many classification schemes to describe these injuries, with no clear consensus on indications for surgical treatment of certain fracture patterns. More attention has been paid to the condition of the soft tissue envelope before surgical intervention.
The aims of surgical treatment of condylar tibial plateau fractures is to restore and preserve normal knee function. These goals are accomplished by anatomically restoring the articular surfaces of the tibial condyles, maintaining the mechanical axis of the leg, restoring ligamentous stability, and preserving a functional pain- free range of motion in the knee.
Tibial plateau fractures encompass a wide range of injuries. Low energy fractures are amenable to closed treatment or open reduction and convensional internal fixation. High energy tibial plateau fractures frequently pose treatment difficulties because of the extensive soft tissue damage, fracture comminution, instability, and displacement of articular fragments.
The more familiar classification for the tibial plateau fractures proposed by Schatzker et al, in 1979, describing six types of fractures of the tibial plateau; type I: pure cleavage fracture, type II: cleavage fracture combined with depression, type III: pure central depression, type IV: fracture of medial condyle split off as a single wedge or comminuted and depressed, type V: bicondylar fracture and type VI: plateau fracture with dissociation of the tibial metaphysis and diaphysis.
The soft tissue damage in closed fractures are divided into 4 categories, according to the Tscherne classification system; grade 0: closed fracture with absent or negligible soft tissue damage, grade 1: closed fracture with skin abrasion or contusion caused by fragment pressure from within, grade 2: closed fracture with deep contaminated