الفهرس 
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Abstract
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
M
ultiple Sclerosis is thought to be an autoimmune demyelinating disorder in which neuroaxonal degeneration is the principal driver of disability. Microvascular abnormalities in the central nervous system (CNS) may contribute to or be a biomarker of the disease process. Global reduction in cerebral perfusion has been repeatedly illustrated in imaging studies of MS, which could simply be a sequela of neurodegeneration or could be mediated by concomitant inflammatory vasculopathy. Endothelial cell dysfunction, excessive platelet activation, evidence of oxidative stress, altered blood-brain barrier permeability,vascular occlusions within demyelinating lesions, and hypoxia-like tissue injury have all been reported in people with MS (PwMS).
OCTA enables visualization of the ocular microvasculature through non-invasive, high-resolution enface and depth-resolved imaging. Using OCTA, non-invasive in vivo studies of neurological disorders through the human eye have emerged for MS, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and various optic neuropathies.
It has been used in detecting and studying damage to the retinal vasculature in MS, by estimating the parafoveal and optic nerve head flow index.
In our study we used OCTA vessel density to document, quantify and compare microvasculature changes in macula and peripapillary region between healthy eyes and eyes with optic neuritis due to multiple sclerosis.
The results of our study showed a statistically significant decrease in VD in the peripapillary region and both, superficial and deep macular regions in patients with optic neuritis due to multiple sclerosis.