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Abstract
A Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a special type of ad-hoc networks, which consists of a large number of small lightweight sensor nodes and one or more sink nodes. WSNs are used in a wide range of applications ranging from structural, environmental and habitat monitoring to military surveillance and intrusion detection. In WSN, coverage plays an important role in the successful operation of the network. Coverage is mainly concerned with how well an area of interest is observed with the deployed sensor nodes. Although deterministic deployment is preferred as it ensures proper coverage of the deployment area, random deployment; however, is more practical in some environments, especially those with harsh conditions. In spite of its feasibility, random deployment may result in poor coverage; therefore, approaches are needed to enhance initial coverage. While, in dense static WSN, scheduling sensor nodes into sleep is usually used to extend the lifetime of the network, and ensure full coverage, mobility in mobile WSN has been recently utilized in healing coverage holes or for dynamic deployment.