الفهرس 
Efficacy of Photoactivated Irrigation of Er-YAG and Diode Lasers on Cleaning, Disinfection and Strength Properties of Endodontic Treated Teeth
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Abstract
The present study aimed to study the efficacy of photoactivated irrigation of Er-YAG and Diode lasers on cleaning, disinfection, and strength properties of endodontic treated teeth.
Methods: One hundred and eighty (180) single canaled human permanent teeth were used in this study. Specimens were grouped into three experimental groups (60 teeth in each group), depending on the activation protocol used for final irrigation: group I (needle agitation with up and down movement), group II (980nm diode laser agitation) and group III (photon induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) using 2940 nm Er: YAG laser. The quantity of irrigant was standardized in all groups to 4 ml. The irrigant was activated for 40 seconds in different groups. Each group was further subdivided into six equal sub-groups according to method of evaluation: Subgroup A: Cleaning efficacy and smear layer removal; Subgroup B: Simulated lateral canal penetration; Subgroup C: Antibacterial efficacy; Subgroup D: Microhardness of dentin; Subgroup E: Push-out bond strength of the filling material; Subgroup F: Sealing ability of the filling material.
Results: All results of cleaning efficacy, antibacterial activity, lateral canal penetration, push out bond strength and sealing ability tests showed a marked superiority of the PIPS technique over both other groups. While microhardness test revealed that diode laser decreased microhardness markedly, while PIPS/ Er-YAG and Passive irrigation groups didn`t affect microhardness negatively.
Conclusion: Using the diode or Er:YAG laser (PIPS) for irrigant activation led to better cleaning and irrigant penetration and smear layer removal which subsequently led to obvious sealer penetration, better sealing, and strength properties of endodontic treated teeth.