الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Achieving equality among boys and girls in different aspects of life especially education and health become an essential issue to be considered all over the world. Existence of differentials among boys and girls in different outcomes pushed to study the factors behind such differences. Gender bias in the allocation of resources within the household could be one possible factor behind such differences. This study aims to investigate whether there is a gender bias in education expenditures among the Egyptian households. Gender bias is detected through estimating three different models ,a) an Engel curve model ,b) a simple hurdle model which involves b.1) a simplepropit model and b.2) a conditional Engel curve Model based on data from the Egyptian Household Income-Expenditure and Consumption Survey (HIECS) prepared by the central agency for public mobilization and statistics (CAPMAS). In addition to assessing the bias at the national level, it will be also detected at different geographic areas throughout different time periods of HIECS 2008/09, 2010/11 and 2012/13 in order to highlight the main differentials of bias in the allocated resources for education. Results show that no systematic gender difference against girls was found in Egypt at the national level. Some significant biases against girls in rural and Rural Upper Egypt were observed for age 6-11 which corresponds to the primary stage and for ages 15-17 which corresponds to the secondary stage