الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
The ductusvenosus is a shunt that allows oxygenated blood in the umbilical vein to bypass the liver and is essential for normal fetal circulation. The viability of the fetus heavily relies on these shunts to adequately perfuse developing tissues and organs, especially the brain and heart (Sidhu and Lui 2021).
Assessing the ductusvenosus velocity waveform reflects the pressure-volume changes in the heart. Ductusvenosus Doppler study has a critical role in directing the clinical management of fetuses at risk of cardiovascular deterioration.
The leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the prenatal and infant population are related to congenital heart diseases (Levey et al., 2010).
Therefore, our work focused on pregnant women with high riskfactor for fetal congenital heart diseases by making 1st trimester Doppler scan for detection of ductusvenosus abnormality, this followed by 2nd trimester fetal echocardiography to detect major congenital heart diseases, by using 2D ultrasound for anomaly scan and complementary by 3D.
The results of our study revealed that (97.0%) of the study population had (Normal A wave) normal ductusvenosus, and 2.8% had abnormal A wave. Regarding the heart anomalies; (97.9%) of the study population had a normal heart scan, and 2.1% had an abnormal heart scan in form of ventricular septal defect (VSD). There was a highly significant relationship between ductusvenosus waveforms and cardiac defects by echocardiography. The major cardiac defect was
observed in 3 (2.8%) fetuses and 2 of these had abnormal Doppler waveforms in the ductusvenosus.
Our study concluded that Doppler of ductusvenosus in 1st trimester scan followed by fetal cardiac echocardiography in 2nd trimester scan may allow an early detection of cardiac anomalies and provide a way to minimize cardiac related mortality and morbidity, especially in mother with high risk factor.