الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study is about the use of myth in selected plays by Girish Karnad. It focuses
on the use of Indian myth from a postcolonial feministic approach. The study focuses
on the modern approach which Girish Karnad applies in reviving the ancient Indian
culture, and lending it with modernity. The study discusses the problem of
subalternization in India, particularly that of woman. The study focuses on Karnad`s
role in modernization in the Indian drama with the support of three plays of his own.
They are Yayti, Hayvadana and Nagamandala.
The study consists of four chapters. The first chapter presents the theoretical
background of the study. It displays information about the Indian literature and the
importance of myth for the Indian society. It discusses about Girish Karnad and the
most important rewards and literary works. This chapter clarifies the meaning of
postcolonialism and feminism and the relation between the two domains. Finally it
explains the role of Girish Karnad as a postcolonial feministic writer.
The three other chapters represent the practical part of the research. They analyze
three plays by Girish Karnad. The second chapter displays Yayti 1961. This play is the
first play written by Karnad. Yayti presents a number of complex humanistic
relationships: the father-son relation, the husband-wife relation, the master-slave
relation. This play has its origin in the Indian heritage, Karnad deals with the suffering
of woman in the patriarchal society.
The Third chapter analyzes the play Hayvadana 1971. Hayvadana has its origin
in the Indian mythology. Karnad explains ,here, the woman`s passive role in
her partner.Karnad clarifies the suffering of woman in the Indian society according to
the rules of choosing a husband. The play refers to the cast system in India and its
effect on women.
The fourth chapter displays the play Nagamandala 1988.This play had the reward
of creativity in India for the year 1989. It revolves around the oppression and
subalternization of woman in the patriarchal society. In this play, Karnad explains the
husband injustice with his wife in the everyday situations. The play clarifies the illtreatment of woman inside the man-ruled societies.
In the selected plays of the study, Karnad gives vividness to the ancient
mythological stories. He creates modern characters and modern situations to cope
with the modern society. Karnad gives his heroines a voice to defend themselves
against the oppression of the patriarchal society. Karnad`s heroines seem to be
modern in thinking and behaving. Karnad succeeds in Indianizing his works and , at
the same time , presenting a modern image of the Indian female character. His works
defies the western culture and employs it for his benefit.
There are many studies have been done on the works of Girish Karnad. For
example ”Themes in the plays of Girish Karnad: Critical Study” by D. Sravana Jyoti.
This study revolves around the role of woman in changing the fate, with the focus on
the role of Kurdava in Nagamandala and Goddess Kali in Hayvadana. The second
study is ” New Morality in Girish Karnad`s Tughlaq” by Shivaji Shankar. It stresses
on how Karnad compels society to fight against moral insensivity. The Third study is
”Hayvadana: Acritical Apraisal”by Subhendu Sarkar. It focuses on Hayvadana as a
modern play with a modern outlook that freely uses the elements of traditional
theatre. choosing
The current study is related to the previous researches. The previous studies
focuse on woman and the current research as well. There is another link which is the
modern outlook and the use of the traditional theatre. The moral prenciples are
included in the current thesis.The present research has attempted to answer a number
of questions. First, to what dimension does the myth affect the life and thinking of the
Indian people? It is clear that the three plays display mythological stories and notions
which are rooted in the Indian society. Second, what the modern perspective which is
used by Girish Karnad? Karnad combines two theories the postcolonialism and
feminism. He utilizes the postcolonial feministic approach.Karnad adds modernity to
the mythology of India.He uses mythology in displaying modern feministic problems.
Third, How Karnad does this change in mythology? Karnad uses the traditional
theatre Indian theatre and myths, but he changes in the plot and characters. He adds
details and creates characters to cope with the modern situations and problems.
For further research , it is recommended to study the points of power and
existentialism in the works of Girish Karnad.