الفهرس 
Title: Impact of Phenol on Fish Health and Fecundity
AbstractOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study was designed to monitor the effect of phenol on Oreochromis niloticus fish fecundity and health. Water and fish of both sexes were collected from area of Tebin (Helwan, branch of River Nile) as naturally polluted group and investigated for phenol residue. In fish liver phenol was found 1.4 ppm, and in water was 0.02 ppm. Females O.niloticus from Tebin area showed significant decrease in growth measurement, gonado-somatic index (GSI) and K condition as well as relative and absolute fecundity. Moreover, total protein (T.P), albumin, globulin and glucose showed significant increase while alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) dropped significantly. Males from Tebin area also showed significant decrease in relative fecundity, sperm density and sperm live % as well as AST, 17Ý estradiol (E2) and globulin. Oppositely, albumin, ALT and glucose significantly increased. LC50 of phenol was calculated at laboratory using a total number of 60 fish both sexes. An experiment of Phenol exposure to (1/10 LC50) was held out for different periods (21, 28, 35 and 45 days) on 160 O.niloticus females and males with 40 fish of both sexes left without exposure as control. Females showed significant decrease in total body length and body weight (B.W) at 21 and 28 days. Whereas, hepatic weight (WH), GSI, relative and absolute fecundity showed significant decrease in all experimental periods. Condition factor (K) and AST showedsignificant decrease at 28, 35 and 45 days. Glucose showed significant increase allover experimental period. 17Ý Estradiol (E2) significant increased at 21 and 28 days while significant decreased at 35 days. Whereas, males showed significant increase throughout the experimental periods in ALT, albumin and glucose, whereas, AST and globulin showed significant decrease. 17Ý Estradiol (E2) showed significant increase at 21, 28 and 45 days while at 35 days it decreased significantly