الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the Calcium Hydroxide mixed with Gingerols (Ginge-Cal) versus Metapex in treatment of primary teeth with infected necrotic pulp in the laboratory and clinical. Materials and methods: This study was divided into two main parts. The first part was the laboratory part which was divided into the histopathological section (Experimental study) on the sample of 48 root canals of primary premolar teeth of 4 puppies aged 4-8 weeks by induction of pulp inflammation and evaluation of Ginge-Cal and Metapex after one and two months from treatment. Microbiological section (In vitro study) samples isolated from pus of 20 necrotic root canals of primary molar of 20 children and evaluation of Ginge-Cal and Metapex by Anti-microbial Susceptibility Test (AST) using the agar diffusion method with measuring the inhibition zone around tested material. The second part was clinical part (In vivo study) conducted on a sample of 30 lower primary molars with infected pulp for children aged 4-8 years old and treated by Ginge-Cal and Metapex. Then evaluated clinically and radiographically at various intervals of up to 12 months. Results: Histopathological findings under the microscope as well as statistically showed significant differences in favor of Ginge-Cal against Metapex in the anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, reducing bone destruction, increasing bone remodeling, and reducing PDL thickness. Microbiological section results showed anti-microbial action of two materials with superiority of Ginge-Cal. The clinical results showed superiority of Ginge-Cal than Metapex in reduce or eliminate the pain, sensitivity to percussion, purulent swelling, fistula and tooth mobility. As well as radiographic evaluation showed top results for Ginge-Cal than Metapex in decrease or eliminate the periapical and furcation area radiolucency, pathological root resorption and periodontal space and integrity of the lamina dura. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the Ginge-Cal showed superiority than Metapex in t anti-inflammatory action, anti-microbial action, reduce the pain, enhance bone remodeling and reduce the incidence of bone destruction. Ginge-Cal can be considered as a promising material in the treatment of the infected root canal.