الفهرس 
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2, has become a global pandemic.
This study was prospective and retrospective done at Diagnostic Radiology Department-Ain Shams University Hospitals. Fifty patients confirmed with positive PCR results underwent initial CT chest and follow up scans after 3-6 months providing us with reliable data to assess pulmonary sequelae and explore the risk factors for fibrotic-like changes in the lung of the survivors of COVID-19 pneumonitis. The study included 26 female patients and 24 male patients. Their mean age was 54 years.
All patients were evaluated for: (I): Incidence of complications (residual fibrotic like changes in their follow up CT chest scans). (II): Correlation to different risk factors such as (smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pre-existing pulmonary disease, pre-existing renal disease and steroid therapy).
Results demonstrated that 56% of cases showed residual changes in their follow up chest CT scans in the form of residual fibrotic changes (atelectatic, fibrotic bands, tractional bronchiectasis, pleural plaques, nodules or thickening) and residual areas of ground glass opacities or consolidation, while 44% of cases showed total resolution of the disease process.
In conclusion and after correlation with different risk factors (old age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, pre-existing pulmonary disease, pre-existing renal disease and steroid therapy), patients with older age and smokers have high incidence of residual fibrotic like changes in their follow up chest CT scans while patients on steroid therapy have less liability to develop fibrotic changes on their follow up chest CT scans.
Recommendations
Longer period of follow up of those patients who have residual lung changes in CT to avoid overestimation of the severity and percentage of residual changes among post COVID cases.
Conduct further studies with large number of patients on each risk factor alone to have more accurate results.
Adding pulmonary function tests to patients who have residual CT lung changes to assess both function and anatomy of the lungs.