الفهرس 
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Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep breathing condition marked by recurrent partial (hypopneas) and full (apneas) upper airway obstruction during sleep, as well as recurrent arousals, occasional hypoxia, and sleep fragmentation. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with the metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardio metabolic parameters including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Aim of work: - To determine the prevalence of OSA in Egyptian patients with T2DM. - To outline associated risk factors for OSA in Egyptian patients with T2DM. Patients were exposed to the following: - History taking. - Anthropometric measurement (weight, height, body mass index and neck circumference). - Tonsillar size score. - Modified Malampati score. - Friedman OSA score. - Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). - Berlin questionnaire. - STOP BANG questionnaire. - Full night attended polysomnography. - Fasting and post prandial blood sugar. Results Patients who were included in the study, the mean age was 54.63±9.47 years. 44 patients were male (35.2%) and 81 (64.8%) were female. Co-morbidities among the studied group that shows that hypertension was the most common co-morbidity between them 77(61.1%), then ischemic heart disease 28(22.4%), other cardiac diseases 11(8.8%), bronchial asthma 6(4.8%), liver diseases 6(4.8%), hypothyroidism 3(2.4%) and renal diseases 3(2.4%). Comparison between moderate and sever OSA regarding clinical data that reveal significant difference in glycosylated hemoglobin (p=.026). No other significant data (p=0.26, p=0.232, p=0.685, p=0.835, p=0.578, p=0.705). Comparison between moderate and sever OSA regarding tonsil size and FTP shows no significant data. Comparison between moderate and sever OSA regarding the scores reveals only significant difference in apnea hypopnea index (p=0.001), no other significant difference (p=0.273, p=0.515, p=0.918, p=0.078, p=0.612, p=0.353). Multivariate logistic regression analysis for independent predictors of OSA, chronic renal disease patients is the most common associated risk factor (OR=14.3, CI=1.2-67) then hypertension (OR=5.6 ,CI=1.2-25.5) and heart failure (OR=4.4,CI=1.1-17.3). Conclusion: We have found that the prevalence of OSA among patients with T2DM is 13.6%. chronic renal disease is the most common associated risk factor for OSA. The study reveal no significant difference between OSA group and Non-OSA group in body mass index and neck circumference and the comparison between cases with OSA and cases without OSA regarding Berlin questionnaire, STOP-Bang score and Epworth sleepiness scale show no significant difference.