الفهرس 
Chapter 1 Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Studies on the anti-aging properties of whey syrup on spermatogenesis of adult and senile rats (Dissertation Abstract) Aging is a progressive physiological change in an organism that leads to senescence, or a decline of biological functions and the organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. Aging is associated with male infertility. Whey is a liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained. It is a byproduct of the manufacture of cheese or casein and has several commercial uses; nowadays whey supplementations are used to improve aged men infertility This study was carried out to illustrate the capacity of whey syrup in ameliorating the ageing associated changes in seminal fluid, sperm morphology and pituitary gland of both adult and senile rats. In this study we used thirty-two rats, divided according to age into two groups, adult group aged 8 months old (N=16) and senile group aged 30 months old (N=16) then each group is subdivided into two groups, a whey supplemented group (N=8) and a non-supplemented group (N=8), the adult rats weigh about 205−210 g and the senile rats weigh about 400−445 g. The whey supplemented groups were orally administrated ad-libitum every other day for two months Senile rats (G2) exhibited varieties of sperm abnormalities including macro cephalic heads, malformed head region and retarded spermatid differentiation. Compared to the control group; senile rats exhibited varieties of changes in the sperm ultrastructure; these were summarized as malformed or abnormal acrosomal structure, degeneration of mitochondrial cristae of the middle piece and altered microtubule structures. However, whey supplementations, (G2Y), improved the sperm ultrastructure, some sperms exhibited abnormal cytoplasm structure of the middle region of the sperm.