الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work is concerned with the preparation of new sorbent (PPF@CNFs). The PPF@CNFs was used for extraction and determination of Cu (II) traces. The kinetic and thermodynamic of the Copper ions sorption onto PPF@CNFs was studied. The negative values of ΔG and ΔH indicated that the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the sorption of Cu (II).The sorption mechanism of copper ions onto PPF@CNFs may proceed via the ion association.This study could conclude that PPF@CNFs has the ability to separate and determine copper in sample of tea. Finally, PPF@CNFs was used as an excellent sorbent, which processes good stability indifferent solvents and high sorption capacity for copper ions. PPF@CNFs has an interesting property of relatively fast separation and pre-concentration of copper ions compared to other solid sorbents.Polyurethane foam functionalized with biosorbent was synthesized from coupling between carboxylic biosorbent (Salvadora persica, SPR) and polyhydroxy polyurethane foam (PPF). The covalently attached between PPF and SPR (ester group) and the surface properties of SPR@PPF were characterized using SEM, XDR, TGA and FTIR analysis. The new sorbent was applied for wastewater treatment by removing of basic dye (brilliant green) and acidic dye (brilliant blue) and (brilliant blue Red). The removal of brilliant green and brilliant blue dyes were concluded to be favorable process and their removal was mainly based on physical mechanism. The thermodynamic parameters for removing both dyes were estimated to reveal a spontaneous nature ( ∆G = −3.75 kJ) of the sorption process The faster adsorption kinetic data may be useful for environmental technologies in designing dyes removal from wastewater plants. The result indicated that SPR@PPF was regenerated over than twenty times without decreasing its capacity which make it economical sorbent.