الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION
Critical Features of Joint BehaviorOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current research program is conducted to investigate the influence of existing of
web opening on the behavior of beam-column joint under cyclic loading. The major
objective of this search is to investigate the behavior in terms of load capacity,
stiffness degradation, cumulative energy, load-deflection envelope, and steel strain.
The current research consisted of an experimental program and analytical analysis:
(numerical analysis).
The experimental program includes testing of ten specimens. Tested specimens
observed the effect of both relative opening height ( ), relative opening length
( /d), opening proximity to support (S/d), horizontal reinforcement at top and bottom
of the web opening to maximum reinforcement ratio “R”, vertical reinforcement at
left and right of opening to area of reinforcement stirrups (R´) and compression and
tension main reinforcement of beam to maximum reinforcement ratio “α”. The
specimens were tested under qusi-static displacement control cyclic loading up to
failure.
An analytical analysis was done by using non liner software finite element program
(ANSYS). In the finite element analysis, concrete elements were modelled using eight
nodes isoperimetric solid element, while steel bars were modelled using frame
elements. The steel elements were assumed to be fully bonded with concrete elements.
This analysis were based on both the stress strain characteristics of concrete and steel
bars were introduced to program. The ultimate specimen capacity and load
deformation behavior of tested specimens were predicted and compered to the
measured values in experimental.
The finite element software program was used in analysis the suggested parametric
study using the above mentioned techniques. The obtained results together with
experimental results were used to construct a design formula to predict the ultimate
capacity and a special reinforcement details (around the opening) is suggested to
increase the strength of the beams that are mostly affected by presence of the opening.
Also, general guidelines were suggested for location of openings in beam web.