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العنوان
Effects of Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure on The Behavioral Functions of Children In Minia, Egypt /
المؤلف
Abdel-Rahman, Eman Shaban Mahmoud.
هيئة الاعداد
باحث / إيمان شعبان محمود عبد الرحمن
مشرف / محمد عبد العظيم محمد خلف
مشرف / جكلين فكري زاهر
مشرف / محمد فتحي عباس
الموضوع
Lead poisoning in children. Lead - Environmental aspects. Pediatric toxicology. Lead - Toxicology. Environmentally induced diseases in children.
تاريخ النشر
2016.
عدد الصفحات
114 p. :
اللغة
الإنجليزية
الدرجة
الدكتوراه
التخصص
الطب
تاريخ الإجازة
1/9/2016
مكان الإجازة
جامعة المنيا - كلية الطب - السموم الإكلينيكية
الفهرس
Only 14 pages are availabe for public view

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from 138

Abstract

Lead exposure is a serious health challenge especially in industrial areas due to high level of exposure and increases the manifestations of toxicity of lead. On the other hand lead toxicity may occur due to low level of exposure.
The toxic level of lead in 1970, defined by a blood lead level of 60 μg/dL or higher, then in 1971 lead toxicity defined by a blood lead level of 40 μg/dL and reduce to 30 μg/dL in 1978, and to 25 μg/dL in 1985.
In 1991, the lead toxicity occurred at blood lead level 10 μg/dL then it reduced to < 10 μg/dL.
The manifestation of toxicity change according to lead level, so anemia may appear at blood lead levels higher than 50 μg/dL. In adults, abdominal colic, involving paroxysms of pain, may appear at blood lead levels greater than 80 μg/dL. Signs that occur in adults at blood lead levels exceeding 100 μg/dL include wrist DROP and foot drop, and signs of encephalopathy, such as , delirium, coma, seizures, and headache.
This study concentrated on the effect of lead exposure < 10 μg/dL on the behavioral functions of children. There were five parameters mentioned, (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder, learning disorder, psychosomatic disorder, and conduct disorder).
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, brain-based, neurodevelopmental, biological condition that first manifests in childhood and is associated with significant co morbid pathology and functional impairments across the life span.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was diagnosed in the presence of developmentally inappropriate levels of inattentive and / or hyperactive impulsive symptoms that have been present since childhood, have present for at least 6 months, cause clinically significant difficulties in multiple areas of life.
Learning disorder describes as a group of disorders characterized by inadequate development of specific academic, language, and speech skills.
Conduct disorder is defined as one of the most difficult and intractable mental health problems in children and adolescents. It involves a number of problematic behaviors, including oppositional, defiant, and antisocial activities.
This study was conducted on children with blood lead level < 10μg/dl in three different schools in three different villages related to Minia governorate in period from October 1st, 2014 and 30th of June, 2015. It includes 180 children aged 7- 9 years old, (105 males- 75 females) 60 children from each village.
After taking the verbal consent from mothers, the study started with 100 children in group I (69 males- 31 females), 114 children in group II (68 males- 46 females), and 150 children in group III(89 males- 61 females), but after measure Hb level many children had anemia ( Hb< 13.5gm/dL) so numbers of children become 76 children in group I, 92 children in group II, and 96 children in group III, and after measure BLL to exclude children with BLL> 10 μg/dl the number become 60 (35 males- 25 females) children in group I, 69( 37 males- 32 females) children in group II, and 81( 56 males- 25 females) children in group III, but 60 children were selected to become equal to each other in three groups to help statistical analysis.