الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Percutaneous nephrostomy has become a vital method - for
I investigation and treatment of upper urinary tract pathology.
’ The most common indication for percutaneous nephrostomy is temporary decompression of an
obstructed kidney, while the most common extension of percutaneous nephrostomy is placement of
ureteral stent for treatment of obstruction.
Successful percutaneous nephrostomy tube placement’ requires visualization of the collecting system
for selection of an appropriate site for entry. Ideally, the entry side should be subcostal and
lateral to the paraspinous musculature.
There are different types of imaging modalities . used in
.percutaneous nephrostomy, of which the most common are, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography and computed
tomography.
In this study, Computed tomography as an imaging modality had proved to be a safe method with the
lowest rate of complications.
Thirty patients were included in this study, all of them underwent percutaneous nephrostomy tube
placement under computed tomography guidance. 90% of this group were males while 10% were females.
The success rate was 100% with good drainage and decompression of the obstructed kidney in all
cases.
Nearly all patients presented minimal hematuria post-procedure with no need for medical or surgical
interference and considered as a minor complication of no clinical importance.
No pulmonary complications were encountered ( e.g. Pneumothorax, hydrothorax and pleural effusion
). This was attributed to the ability of the computed tomography scans to demonstrate the pleural
reflections rising its priority over the fluoroscopy and the ultrasonography as another imaging
modalities.
One case only presented with catheter dislodgement as a late complication and this has no relation
with the procedure itself.
Improvement of the uraemic symptoms was detected in patients who were pre-operatively uraemic.
All patients got benefit from this minimally invasive procedu!le with no encountered major
complications.
As a conclusion, computed tomography as an imaging guidance modality used in percutaneous
nephrostomy tube placement offers the best benefits of the procedure as the selection of a precise
point inside the collecting
·system can be obtained and achieved. Also computed tomography offers the demonstration of the
related organs especially the pleural reflections.
In this study, Computed tomography proved to be better in average sized kidneys with minimal
backpressure changes or even in a normal pelvicalyceal systems with the lowest rate of
complications .