الفهرس 
EpidemiologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sepsis is a major pediatric health problem worldwide. Septic shock deaths in infants and children have decreased almost 50 fold since the 1960s, with the best centers now reporting 1–2% mortality in previously healthy children. Despite success in the developed industrial world, sepsis remains the leading killer of children in the developing world. Genetic epidemiologic studies suggest a strong genetic influence on the outcome from sepsis, explain the wide variation in the individual response to infection. Several candidate genes have been identified as important in the inflammatory response. Early diagnosis and management of sepsis and septic shock will eradicate morbidity and mortality from these diseases. Surviving sepsis campaign has taken up a worldwide initiative by publishing international guidelines 2013 with a hope to disseminate information regarding management of sepsis for all age groups. SSC stress on the goals of initial resuscitation during the first 6 hrs of resuscitation of sepsis-induced hypoperfusion should include all of the following as one part of a treatment protocol:
1-CVP: 8–12 mm Hg.
2-Mean arterial pressure: According to mean arterial pressure centiles for age and sex.
3-Urine output ≥ 0.5 mL/kg/hr.
4-Central venous (superior vena cava) oxygen saturation ≥ 70% or mixed venous saturation ≥ 65%.
Preventive measures such as; infection control programmes, vaccinations and immunization, prophylactic measures and treatment of high risk groups and frequent hand wash reduce incidence of sepsis. Use of inflammatory mediators in prevention and management of sepsis and septic shock. Mitochondrial biogenesis stimulation accelerates organ recovery from sepsis and septic shock. More genetic studies are needed to highlight all genetic polymorphisms in sepsis and septic shock and to use gene therapy for prevention and control of this disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis and septic shock greatly reduce morbidity and mortality from this disease. Using SSC: International guidelines for management of sepsis and septic Shock: 2013 as a protocol of management in the whole world for all age groups.