الفهرس 
مقدمة عامة عن الدراسةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The man is suffering since the ancient times from the various natural disasters in which there is no way out for him except surrendering to the fate as these disasters were limited to the loss of lives, the damage of crops and man keens to get away from places of danger, so he began to take the necessary measures to confront such disasters with minimal losses. But in the modern times despite the progress in various fields, the man stands helpless before the power of nature until the concept of planning to encounter and cope with the disaster through taking the precautionary measures to minimize expected losses in a scientific manner, and not in a manner of reaction with the intention of continuing the wheel of development and minimize the economic and social effects resulting from.
In this study, the researcher tried to identify the concept of environmental disasters through different definitions and he added the Islamic concept of disaster in order to reach non-reliance on fatalism in the confrontation, and activating the role of scientific research and modern methods to reduce these disasters and mitigate their effects. We focus in our study on the role of the Ministry of social Solidarity in confronting the economic and social impacts of disasters.
The researcher showed that among the modern methods to confront disasters and make protection from them is to follow the disaster management system which has its elements to be leaned upon such planning, forecasting and preparing for disaster at an earlier stage of its occurrence, then how to confront it under the cooperation and coordination between the agencies involved in the disaster management in order to control the effects of the disaster and the speed of working on mitigating it and to restore the situation to its stable nature. This is what is being done in the phase after disaster. The researcher did not neglect the role of Egyptian legislation in facing the disaster and identify the bodies entrusted to manage the disaster.
The researcher intentionally reviews a large number of disasters, for example, and not as a limitation where he classifies such disasters according to the nature of their occurrence, some of them occur due to the nature and some of them are geological disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, rockslide, some of them are climatic such as floods, hurricanes, droughts, desertification, others are biological such as epidemics such as swine and avian flu as well as agricultural pests especially the locusts and the new insect (tomato plant digger) or cosmic catastrophes of celestial bodies and the solar system, then he turned to the disasters of man-made such as those are resulting from global warming, black cloud, the fires and the effects of destructive wars…. Finally, he mentioned some disasters shared by nature and man increasing exacerbation of them or vice versa and the researcher focused on the climatic disasters such as ”floods”.
Upon exposure to the effects of these destructive disasters, it was found that they result in economic effects reflected on the national economy as the budgets are spent for encountering the disasters, reducing their impact and restoring the situation to its original as these procedures affect negatively the promotion of development wheel. Beside that, there are social consequences due to the loss of a breadwinner or his/her injury with a disability prevents him/her from gaining livelihood in addition to the bad psychological effects reflected on the survivors of such disasters. On the other hand, there are health effects where the disaster affecting the community and increasing the injuries and illnesses especially those are resulting from environmental pollution and the spread of epidemics. Finally, the disasters reflect the progress of States and their underdevelopment as the developed countries losses are less than the developing countries as a result of prediction and preparedness of disaster with the scientific methods for interest of citizens in the State and that the enemies exploit its weaknesses, the impact of such on security stability in particular and national security in general.
So, the researcher found that modern methods in facing the disasters depend on the existence of scenarios similar to environmental disasters through which training to face them can be made by all the involved agencies and in particular role of the Ministry of Social Solidarity to manage the disaster in complete coordination among them to confront the disaster effectively in order to mitigate their destructive effects.
The researcher tackled the economic and social effects of environmental disasters. Also, the researcher reviewed the scenario and confrontation of some types of disasters through focusing on “floods” disaster and how to take advantage of that disaster.