الفهرس 
GnRH agonist protocolsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The effects of obesity are not restricted to a single aspect of female
reproduction but are manifested at several levels: altered levels of
hypothalamic gonadotropins, anovulation, altered steroid production,
reduced conception rates, longer times to conception, increased
miscarriage rates, increased risk of many pregnancy complications
ranging from hypertension to preterm birth, and increased incidence of
fetal abnormalities.
The rising incidence of obesity coupled with its detrimental effects
on fertility has led to greater numbers of overweight and obese women
utilizing assisted reproduction technologies (ART), such as in vitro
fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Obesity may lengthen the duration of ovulation induction, increase
the gonadotrophin dose required to achieve sufficient stimulation
response, decrease the peak of estradiol levels on the day of HCG
administration, decreased the number of mature follicles and number of
oocytes retrieved. Moreover, obesity may have a negative impact on
oocyte and embryo quality. Thus, fertilization, embryo transfer,
implantation and pregnancy rates have been usually found to be low in
obese patients in many studies. In addition, oocyte retrieval and embryo
transfer procedures can be difficult due to obesity itself. Finally,
miscarriage rate is found to be high