الفهرس 
chapter 1Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Reinforced concrete structures are commonly designed to satisfy criteria of serviceability and safety. To ensure serviceability requirements, it is necessary to predict the cracking and deflections of a reinforced concrete structure under service loads. Moreover , in order to assess the margin of safety against failure, an accurate estimation of the ultimate load is essential ; and tracing the load-deformation behavior throughout the different states of stress is preferable. Unfortunately, the formulation of rational analytical procedures to describe this behavior is very difficult because of its complicated nature.
A non-linear finite element program (NAFS) is prepared to analyze reinforced concrete plan structures using alternative material models. The implemented material models are related to concrete in compression, in tension, and reinforcing steel. Material non-linearity under different states of stress is included through different stress-strain models considering perfect bond between concrete and reinforcing steel taking into consideration the tension stiffening effect.