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Abstract
Obesity has been identified as a major global health problem. A major cause of the obesity is the changes in feeding behaviour, especially increased caloric intake. The regulation of energy intake and expenditure is controlled by complex systems that involve interactions with numerous molecular targets throughout the body.
Endocannabinoids, a lipid-derived signaling system, regulate appetite and motivation to eat via effects in the hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens.
Some researchers refere the effects of ECs on fat mass to the increase in energy intake while others saw that, not only by the regulation of food intake alone.but also ECs and their receptors which are located in areas of the central nervous system and multiple peripheral tissues, are involved in the regulation of intermediary metabolism and energy expenditure.
In a trial to clear this controversy and identify the possible role of ECS in metabolic changes that occur during its disturbance and lead to occurrence of obesity and MS. so the present work had been carried on a total number of 48 healthy adult male albino rats to study the effect of diferent types of diet and daily i.p injection methanandamide (Meth.) in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg on body weight, glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. The animals were divided into 3 main groups.
Group I: To study the effect of daily Meth. injection in standard chow pair fed group. It was further subdivided into 3 equal subgroups (n= 8 in each).
Group IA: standard chow ad libitum Control group.
Group IB: Meth. treated standard chow pair fed group
Group IC: Meth. treated standard chow ad libitum .
Group II: To study the effect of daily Meth. injection in HFD pair fed group. It was further subdivided into 2 equal subgroups (n= 8 in each).HFD fed
Group IIA: HFD fed ad libitum control group.
Group IIB: Meth. treated HFD pair fed group
Group III: To study the effect of daily Meth. injection in HFrD pair fed group It was further subdivided into 2 equal subgroups (n= 8 in each).
Group IIIA: HFrD fed ad libitum control group
Group IIIB: Meth. treated HFrD pair fed group
the study stayed for 6 weeks and the samples were taken after over night fasting. In all groups, initial and final body weights were estimated and fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, were measured, in addition, VLDL, LDL-cholesterol and HOMA index of insulin resistance were calculated.
The results of this study showed an insignificant change in serum levels of all previously mention parameters in the three different Meth. treated pair fed groups in comparison with that of the three different fed control groups respectively.
However, a significant increase in final body weights and a significant dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia with insulin resistance was observed in both HFD and HFrD fed groups when compared with standard chow diet fed group.
In addition, our study revealed an insignificant change in all parameters measured between HFD and HFrD fed groups except for TG and VLDL parametes which are significantly higher in HFrD-fed group in comparison with that of HFD fed group.